Research Type Research Place and Time Research Subject and Object Operational Definition of Variable

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

A. Research Type

The type of this research is Classroom Action Research CAR. This CAR was conducted collaboratively and participatory. Teachers and researcher make a plan together, then the teacher do the implementation in the classroom, while the researcher as an observer is record and analyzing the obtained data Suharsimi Arikunto, 2009: 17. In practice, classroom action research consists of at least 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, as presented by Masnur Muslich 2011: 43 that the stages are: planning, action, observation, and reflection. Kemmis and Taggart in Rochiati Wiraatmadja 2009: 66 also stated that the characteristic of classroom action research is using the spiral working procedure cycle in a research that consists of 4 stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The spiral chart Kemmis and Taggart can be seen below: 31 Notes: 1. First Planning 2. First Action 3. First Observation 4. First Reflection 5. Revisions of The First Planning 6. Second Action 7. Second Observation 8. Second Reflection Figure 2. Classroom Action Research Process Using Kemis and Taggart Model Source: Rochiati Wiraatmadja 2009: 66

B. Research Place and Time

This research was conducted in grade XI Accounting 1 at SMK Negeri1 Bantul which is located in Jl. Parangtritis Km. 11, Sabdodadi, Bantul, Yogyakarta. While the time of this research was conducted in the second semester academic year of 20142015 in January.

C. Research Subject and Object

The subject of this research is 36 students of Grade X Accounting 2 SMK Negeri 1 Bantul Academic Year of 20142015. While the object of the research is students’ accounting learning activity on the basic competence of preparing adjusting journal entries in the Grade X Accounting 2 at SMK Negeri 1 Bantul Academic Year of 20142015.

D. Operational Definition of Variable

1. Accounting Learning Activity Accounting Learning Activity is an effort to master the subject matter by the students, both physically and mentally which can be seen from the attitude, either in the form of mastery of knowledge, thinking skills, or motor skills in Accounting skills competency. Activities that reflect their learning activities include reading the learning material, take a note of learning material, do the exercises provided by the teacher, do the group discussions, answering questions from teachers and friends in the discussion session, do the quiz provided by the teacher independently, and respond to other students opinions. 2. Type Numbered Heads Together NHT. As an effort to improve students learning activities, the learning model implemented in this study is the type Numbered Heads Together NHT. The implementation of learning using cooperative learning model type Numbered Heads Together NHT in order to be effective, there are several steps that need to be done in planning and preparing the lessons, namely: 1 Students are divided into groups, each student in each group get a number, 2 The teacher gives the task then each group do those task, 3 The group decides the most correct answers and make sure each member of the group knows the answer, 4 Teachers call one of the numbers, the students with the number that have been called have to report the results of their collaboration and discussion between groups, 5 The teacher discusses all the questions that have been done by students and provide an assessment.

E. Data Collection Technique