Errors encouraged by teaching material or method

3. My brother Chris and I went walking on the beach one sunny day, and we fine a little cubby out of overgrown bushes. Students: 13, 14 My brother Chris and I went walking on the beach one sunny day, and we found a little cubby out of overgrown bushes. 4. I locked at Chris and he made a rustling sound of wind in the bushes. Student: 2 I looked at Chris and he made a rustling sound of wind in the bushes. 5. Dava barrow my pen yesterday. Student: 13 Dava borrowed my pen yesterday. 6. Andy’s grandfather day when he was 85 years old. Students: 4, 7 Andy’s grandfather died when he was 85 years old. 7. The students stayed those lessons last week. Student: 13 The students studied those lessons last week. The students stay those lessons last week. Students: 1, 5, 6, 16, 23, 24 8. I good to bed early because I was tired. Student: 2 I went to bed early because I was tired. I god to bed early because I was tired. Student: 11 9. She love in Bandung for two years, but now she lives in Jakarta. Student: 3 She lived in Bandung for two years, but now she lives in Jakarta. 10. Last night, David drank his car very fast. Student: 8 Last night, David drove his car very fast. From the table above, it can be seen that many students transfer the verbs into another words. For example, there was a student use “bun” as the past form of “buy” to complete the sentence “Rita .........buy a new car three days ago”. In the Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary - 3rd Edition, “bun” is woman’s hairstyle where the hair is brought together into a round shape at the back of the head. So, the right past form of buy is bought. Another example is student filling the word “day” to the sentence “Andy’s grandfather .......... die when he was 85 years old”. The verb “die” and the word “day” almost similar in pronunciation, but it have different meaning and the right answer is died. Next, student used the word “barrow” that should be borrowed in completing the sentence “Dava .......... borrow my pen yesterday”. Actually, the meaning of “barrow” is a vehicle moved by a person which especially fruits and vegetables are sold at the side of a road. Those examples shows that mis-select the wordsin a sentence can hinder the message to the listener or reader. However, the other errors that caused by overgeneralization and errors encouraged by teaching material or method are less serious, because the message still can be understood even thought there are some errors in spelling. for example:

4. 11 Examples of local Error

No. Error Identification Error Correction 1. In the holidays a few years ago we wen to Hawks Nest. students 11, 12, 13 In the holidays a few years ago we went to Hawks Nest. 2. Dava borrowd my pen yesterday. Students: 4, 7 Dava borrowed my pen yesterday. 3. Last holiday, I and my family picniced in Cibodas. Students: 1, 3, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 24 Last holiday, I and my family picnicked in Cibodas. 4. The driver stoped the bus very quickly five minutes ago. Students: 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 24 The driver stopped the bus very quickly five minutes ago. 5. I madee a rainbow cake yesterday. Student: 2 I made a rainbow cake yesterday. 6. Last night, the baby crieed in his room. Student: 19 Last night, the baby cried in his room. 7. I mett my old friend in the restaurant yesterday. Student: 2 I met my old friend in the restaurant yesterday. 8. Zamzami satd in the chair because he was tired. Student: 12 Zamzami sat in the chair because he was tired. 9. Andy’s grandfather diied when he was 85 years old. Student: 14 Andy’s grandfather died when he was 85 years old. 10. The students studyied those lessons last week. Students: 21 The students studied those lessons last week. The table above shows some local errors which made by the students in using regular and irregular verbs. Many of them did error in graphology like incorrect spelling, but the sentences still can be understood. For example, students used “wen” for the past of “go”. The student omitted one letter -t that should be “went” to fill the sentence “In the holidays a few years ago we .......... go to Hawks Nest”.