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CHAPTER III STUDY METHODOLOGY
This chapter focusses in describing the method and the design which were used in this study, the place and the time of the study, the population and the
sample of the study, the instrument of the study, the data collection, the data analysis, and the statistical hypothesis.
A. Place and Time of the Study
This study was held at SMP Al-Zahra Indonesia which is located in Vila Dago, Pamulang, Tangerang Selatan. This study was done for about three months
started from August 2014 until November 2014.
B. The Method of the Study
Quantitative research methods are commonly used to determine if an intervention led to a desired outcome. At least there are three kinds of quantitative
research designs, they are experimental, quasi-experimental and single-group. In the study, the writer used the quasi-experimental. In this study, the writer wants to
find out the effectiveness in using variable x scaffolding technique towards variable y students‟ skill in writing descriptive text. Quasi-experimental designs
are those that are “almost true” experimental designs, except that the researcher
studies the effect of the treatment on intact groups, rather than being able to randomly assign participants to the experimental or control groups.
1
Quasi experiment design is meant to approximate as closely as possible the advantages of trus experimental designs where the problems mentioned above
occur, such as having to implement a programme in a natural school setting.
2
1
Donna M. Mertens and John A. McLaughin, Research and Evaluation Methods in Special Education, California: Corwin Press, 2004, p. 4.
2
Daniel Muijs, Doing Quantitative Research in Education with SPSS, London: Sage Publication, 2004, pp. 26-27.
C. Population and Sample of the Study
The population in this study was the students of SMP Al-Zahra Indonesia. In addition, the samples were the eighth grade students. They were class of 8A
and the 8C. The samples were organized into two classes namely the experimental 8C and the controlled class 8A. Each class consisted of 17 students.
In taking sample, the writer used purposeful sampling. In quasi- experimental designs are used the purposeful sampling when it is not possible to
apply random assignment for an experiment. The procedure was selecting a sample to meet the purpose of the study. In addition, the principle gave the two
available classes to be participated in this study as sample with the permission of the English teacher. The samples provided useful information for answering
question and hypothesis.
D. The Instrument of the Study
The writer used a written test as the instrument of the study. The written test conducted in this research included pre-test and post-test. In this research, the
class 8A as the controlled class was not given the treatment of scaffolding technique, however, the class 8C as the experimental class would be given the
post-test after treatment of scaffolding technique.
E. Data Collection
As quantitative study, the writer used test technique. The test used are pre-test and post test. The pre-test refers to a measure or test given to the subjects
prior to the experimental treatment, so in both of class: control and experiment class would be given the same pre-test. After did the pre-test, the writer did post-
test. Post-test is a measure taken after the experimental treatment has been applied. Hence, the post-test conducted in the final of the study to see the
effectivity of the treatment. Control and experiment class will get a same post-test also.
Pre-test has been conducted in 18
th
August 2014 in both of classes: control class 8A and experimental class 8C. The pre-test has been done before the
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