CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. The Objective of the Research
The objective of this research is to get the empirical evidence whether or not Student Teams-Achievement Division STAD technique has good influence
in developing students’ understanding of Direct and Indirect Speech of Statement.
B. The Place and Time of the Research
This research was carried out at the eleventh grade of Jam’iyyah Islamiyyah Islamic Senior High School. It was located at Ceger Jurang Mangu
Timur Kec. Pondok Aren Tangerang Selatan Banten. The writer conducted the research from September 13
rd
until September 22
nd
2011.
C. The Population and Sample
The population of this research is 54 students which are divided into two classes. Number of A class is 27 students, and B class is 27 students. The writer
took all students from A and B classes for this research, so this is a population research. However, in the end of the research, the writer only got 20 students
from each class because the other students were absent.
D. The Technique of Collecting Data
In collecting the data, the writer used test technique. The data were collected from the pre-test and post-test. The pre-test was given before the
teaching-learning activity and the post-test was given after the teaching-learning activity. The pre-test as well as the post-test consists of 20 items in multiple
choices form. Both of the classes, experiment class and control class, were given the same test. Each number is scored 10 and the total score is 100.
E. The Technique of Analyzing Data
Before analyze the data, it is necessary to calculate the data into the statistic calculation. The writer used t
test
formula to calculate the data. The two classes were compared to the independent variable, the experiment class is X and
the control class is Y variable. The formula of t
test
is expressed as follows
1
; �
�
= −
�
−
M
x
= Mean of variable X M
y
= Mean of variable Y SE
= Standard Error Before doing the calculation of t
test
, there are several steps to be taken, the steps are:
a. Determining Mean of Variable X
=
1
b. Determining Mean of Variable Y
=
2
c. Determining Standard of Deviation Score of Variable X
� =
2 1
d. Determining Standard of Deviation Score of Variable Y
� =
2 2
e. Determining Standard Error Mean of Variable X
� =
�
1
− 1
1
Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 2010, p. 314
—316.
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