Background of the Study

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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

Language is an expression of culture and individuality of its speakers. It influences the way the speakers perceive the world. This principle has a far- reaching implication from translation. If language influences thought and culture, it means that ultimate translation is impossible. The opposite point of view, however, gives another perspective. As a means of communication, translation is known as a technique for learning foreign language. Moreover, translation is also a field of various procedures. In addition to word-for-word and sense-for-sense procedures, the translator may use a variety of procedures that differs in importance of the contextual factors of both the source language and target language. Translating from a language into another language is not easy. The translators have to try to translate as close as the original text, without changing the writer‟s message and meaning. According to Nida an Taber, translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. 1 It means that translating is the effort to re-create message of source language into target language with closest natural equivalency. 1 Frans Sayogie, Teori Praktek Penerjemahan Bahasa Inggris kedalam Bahasa Indonesia Tangerang: Pustaka Anak Negeri, 2009, pp. 7-8. 2 The equivalent is correspondence of the message of SL text to TL text. Formal correspondence is the equivalent of structure both the source language text and the target language text that denied equivalent over formal correspondence. 2 Traditionally, we should think in terms of free translation as contrasted with close or literal ones. Literal translation focused on word or expression in SL, which have the same meaning within TL. Translation in relation with meaning, as change from concept of meaning is equivalent textual material. 3 Usually, a source language text has a specific meaning of the target language text and translator must add one or two meaning elements from source language into the target language; therefore, we can understand a meaning. The procedure of translation is important in restructuring of translation process. Translator is easy to do restructuring of grammatical type in source language text and to search of meaning which adapted with source language. The procedure of translation is modulation. Modulation entails a change in lexical elements, a shift in the point of view. Modulation and transposition may take place at same time. It occurs when the translator reproduces the message of the original text in the TL text in conformity with the current norms of the TL, since the SL and the TL may appear dissimilar in terms of perspective. In this research, the writer will analyze the modulation used in translating novel. To translate the novel, translators have to be careful, because they will be 2 Eugene A. Nida and Charles R. Taber, The Theory and Practice Translation of Translation Den Haag: United Bible Societies, 1974, p. 12. 3 Zuchridin Suryawinata, Terjemahan: Pengantar Teori dan Praktek, Jakarta: Depdikbud, Dirjen, Dikti, PPLPTK, 1983, p. 3. 3 fallen into translation of sentence-for-sentence. It makes the message in original text is nothing. The translators must be consistent in five basics level: 1. The translator must fully understand the sense and meaning of the original author. 2. The translator should have a perfect knowledge about source language and target language. 3. The translator should have avoided word for word rendering. 4. The translator should use forms of general speech in common use. 5. The translator should choose exact word to produce the correct sentence. 4 Here, the writer is interested in analyzing the novel Time Flies for Ms Wiz by Terence Blacker into its translation Ms Wiz Kembali ke Masa Silam because a good translator must be understand about translation procedures, one of them is modulation. This capability is needed absolutely to avoid misunderstand and unreadable the text, so the readers who read the product of translation as in this novel is not getting confusion in understanding the message of the novel. These are the things that have motivated the writer to examine deeper about modulation in this novel.

B. Focus of the Study