27 questionnaire collect
ed the students’ perception and suggestions on the use of group presentation for improving independent learning. The type of questionnaire items
used was closed-ended and open-ended items. The second way was the personal interview by having a face-to-face interview with some of the respondents. The
interview was aimed to dig out some questions deeply and elicit the information that could not be acquired through questionnaire.
B. Research Setting
The research was conducted in Philosophy of Science classes in the academic year of 20142015, ELESP Sanata Dharma University. First of all, the researcher
gathered the data on Monday, 18 May 2015 through distributing the questionnaire at 07.00 a.m. in class I and at 09.00 a.m. in class J. Afterwards, the researcher did the
interview on Wednesday, 20 May 2015 starting from 10 a.m. until 4 a.m. which was located at the corner of Mrican campus of Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta.
C. Research Participants
The participants of this research were chosen based on the purposive sampling method. It was the way of selecting the research participants by using judgment that
the participants could become the sample to provide the data needed for the research. In this research, the researcher chose the sample based on the judgment and belief
that the participants of the research had experienced in doing group presentation project during their study. Fraenkel, et al.
2012 say that “in purposive sampling the
28 researcher did not simply study whoever is available, but rather use their judgment to
select a sample that they believe, based on prior information will provide the data they need” p. 99.
Therefore, the researcher gathered the data from the students that had experienced the use of group presentation strategy. The participants were from the
ELESP Sanata Dharma University students in the academic year of 20142015. The researcher selected the participants as the sample of this research because the
participants were considered to have provided the data needed in the research. During the semester these students had experienced the use of group presentation project.
There were 61 participants of this study. The students happened to be in the Philosophy of Science classes. They were from I and J classes and these two classes
had the lesson on the same day. Thus, the researcher decided to take the data from them. The participants selected were believed to provide the data needed because they
had experienced the use of group presentation project several times during their learning process. Moreover, it was also considered that the amount of the sample was
sufficient for the research data and the sample represented the population of the research.
Actually, there were 36 students in each class and the total of the students from the two classes were 72. Unfortunately, some of the students were absent on the
day of data gathering. For that reason, there were only 61 students who participated in this research. All of the 61 students participated in answering the first research
29 instrument, questionnaire. After that, four 4 students were selected to be
interviewed; there were two students selected from each class. They were selected based on the consideration of their highest and lowest score from answering the
questionnaire. It revealed their perceptions of the statements given in the questionnaire. The highest score represented positive responses and the lowest score
represented negative perceptions.
D. Research Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
This is one of the essential parts in this chapter. This part describes the questionnaire and interview as the instruments employed in doing the research. In
addition, it talks about the techniques of collecting the data.
1. Instruments
This research used two instruments such as questionnaire and interview. As Cohen, Manion Morrison 2003 say, questionnaire and interview are common to
be used in collecting the survey data.
a. Questionnaire
In this research, a questionnaire was used in order to find out the answer to the research questions.
It was to know the students’ perceptions and suggestions on the use of group presentation strategy to enhance their independent learning. The
researcher chose a questionnaire to obtain the personal information from the
