The Effects of Doing Group Presentation Project to Foster Independent

22 thought about perceiving. Noe 2004 states that perception is not something that happens to everybody but it is something everybody does. Through perceiving something which has been experienced, people will be more aware of it. It is because of the way that someone is perceived determines his or her behavior Altman, et al., 1985. Accordingly, the researcher believes that ELESP Sanata Dharma University students may have different ways in perceiving something, because perception is the first judgment which comes out in mind based on their senses Goldstein, 2009. In this research, the students in ELESP Sanata Dharma University can perceive their opinions and suggestions about group presentation in improving their independent learning because they have ever experienced the use of it in class. Hopefully, by perceiving their opinion about the topic discussed in this research, they can be more aware of their independent learning and make it better by the process they face during their study. This research also uses the theory about independent learning. Independent learning theories help the researcher find out the aspects and benefits of independent learning. Independent learning has directly been acknowledged by every student unconsciously. Holstein 1986 says that independent learning is an elementary thing and it can be directly experienced as a process which is going on an autonomous process. However, independent learning is influenced by something from the inside and outside of the students. It can be said that motivation is something that comes from the inside, which encourages everybody to do something. When students are 23 being motivated to do something, they can be responsible for their learning needs. Hence, independent learning is related to self-motivation which can make the students be responsible to do the assignments Aspin Chapman, 2006, as cited in Marshall, 2007. The people around the students like their friends and teachers or lecturers can also influence students’ independent learning Knowles, 1975, as cited in O’Doherty, 2006. Accordingly, the environment around the students is also considered as the part of developing independent learning, since the people around the students like their friends and teachers or lecturers can also improve motivation. The next theory used is about learning strategy. Learning strategy is important in the learning process in order to help the students achieve the goal of being more independent. It attempts to facilitate the students in understanding their lesson as well as becoming more independent. There are many kinds of strategies that a teacher can give to the students Singh, 2004. For example, the strategy chosen in this research is by assigning the students to do group presentation project with five to six students in each group. The students have to discuss the topics of learning and present them in front of their teacher or lecturer and friends in class. Even if the project is done in group; each student has a responsibility to know everything that is being discussed. Later, all of the students have a duty to speak up for the presentation. As the preparation, the students need to learn independently and share their knowledge with their friends in group. Group presentation project allows the students to teach each