xv
LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix
Page APPENDIX 1
The Blueprint of Questionnaire ........................................ 72
APPENDIX 2 The Questionnaire ............................................................ 75
APPENDIX 3 The Interview Guide ......................................................... 78
APPENDIX 4 Coding of the Interview Results ....................................... 79
1
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This chapter provides background information about the focus of the research and how it relates to the present context. There are six sections consist of research
background, research problem, problem limitation, research objectives, research benefits, and definition of terms.
A. Research Background
Learning strategy is important in the learning process. Learning strategy is the plan that is arranged by the teacher in order to encourage each student to take
responsibility for their own learning Orlich, Harder, Callahan, Trevision Brown, 2007. It is aimed to help students reach their learning goals. One of the goals in
learning is to improve the independent learning, because independent learning is not a standard given to the students but a goal to be achieved by the students Kesten,
1987. Independent learning is the ability of students to be responsible for their task and life taking decision Kesten, 1987.
Nowadays there are many strategies in the learning process, for example giving project or homework to students. The teacher can ask the students to do the
project in individual and group Sudrajat, 2008. Both of the individual and group projects have the same goal, which is aimed to facilitate the students to understand
2 the materials better and become more independent. Automatically, what the students
find and learn by doing homework will be easy to remember. Therefore, the goal of giving homework itself is also to make the students learn better independently.
One of the learning strategies that the college students mostly do nowadays is group presentation project. It is also experienced by the students in English Language
Education Study Program ELESP Sanata Dharma University. For example, some lecturers in particular courses assign their students to do group presentation project.
Usually, the students are asked to make a group of four until six people. The groups are assigned to discuss particular topics on their groups. The week after, each group
starts to present the discussion result in front of the class. What happens in the group presentation as a learning strategy is the interaction between the lecturer and all of the
students Singh, 2004. Thus, the other groups will listen to the presentation and give some comments as well as questions. The groups who are presenting must respond to
the questions and comments given. All the group members are expected to know and understand about their own presentation topics.
Therefore, it can be seen that the purpose of doing group presentation itself is to help the students understand the material better by learning together in groups
Bridges, 2013. It teaches each student to learn more independently. The consideration is that all members in groups who are doing the presentation at least
understand their own topic of discussion really well. Each student is expected to be responsible for finding as much as information about their discussion topic. The
3 responsibility that the students have will show that they are independent of their own
learning process. Nevertheless, not all of the students may have the same contribution in a
group learning process. Some of students may be only waiting the other friends who are more active in their groups. Whereas everybody in groups must work at the same
portion because each individual contribution is considered as an important thing Bleakler Carrigan, 1994. It is the time for the students to realize their independent
learning that they must be more responsible for their project, even though it is a group project. It is expected that by doing group presentation, each student becomes more
independent so that they can have more responsibility for their own learning process. Perception plays an important role in making people aware of something.
Ponty 1966 has proved it by stating that when people analyze and perceive something around them according to their senses and feeling, it makes people become
conscious and they will take part in it immediately. In order to make the students aware of independent learning enhancement through group presentation, the students
’ perceptions are needed to collect. Consequently, the researcher is interested to find
out the students’ perceptions on the use of group presentation strategy to enhance
their independent learning. Previously, there are some research studies which are similar to this research.
It was from the ELESP Sanata Dharma University students who graduated several
