Other r ights of migr ant wor ker s and member s of their

PART IV Other r ights of migr ant wor ker s and member s of their

families who ar e documented or in a r egular situation Ar ticle 36

Migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families w ho ar e document ed or in a r egular sit uat ion in t he St at e of employment shall enjoy t he r ight s set for t h in t he pr esent par t of t he Convent ion in addit ion t o t hose set for t h in par t III.

Ar ticle 37

Befor e t heir depar t ur e, or at t he lat est at t he t ime of t heir admission t o t he St at e of employment , migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families shall have t he r ight t o be fully infor med by t he St at e of or igin or t he St at e of employment , as appr opr iat e, of all condit ions applicable t o t heir admission and par t icular ly t hose concer ning t heir st ay and t he r emuner at ed act ivit ies in w hich t hey may engage as w ell as of t he r equir ement s t hey must satisfy in t he St at e of employment and t he aut hor it y t o w hich t hey must addr ess t hemselves for any modificat ion of t hose conditions.

Ar ticle 38

1. St at es of employment shall make ever y effor t t o aut hor ize migr ant w or ker s and member s of t he families t o be t empor ar ily

2. Migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families shall have t he r ight t o be fully infor med of t he t er ms on w hich such t empor ar y absences ar e aut hor ized.

Ar ticle 39

1. Migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families shall have t he r ight t o liber t y of movement in t he t er r it or y of t he St at e of employment and fr eedom t o choose t heir r esidence t her e.

2. The r ight s ment ioned in par agr aph 1 of t he pr esent ar t icle shal l not be subject t o any r est r ict ions except t hose t hat ar e pr ovided by law , ar e necessar y t o pr ot ect nat ional secur it y, public or der (or dr e public), public healt h or mor als, or t he r ight s and fr eedoms of ot her s and ar e consist ent w it h t he ot her r ight s r ecognized in t he pr esent Convent ion.

Ar ticle 40

1. Migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families shall have t he r ight t o for m associat ions and t r ade unions in t he St at e of employment for t he pr omot ion and pr ot ect ion of their economic, social, cult ur al and ot her int er est s.

2. No r est r ict ions may be placed on t he exer cise of t his r ight ot her t han t hose t hat ar e pr escr ibed by law and ar e necessar y in a democr at ic societ y in t he int er est s of nat ional secur it y, publi c or der ( or dr e public ) or t he pr ot ect ion of t he r ight s and fr eedoms of ot her s.

Ar ticle 41

1. Migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families shall have t he r ight t o par ticipat e in public affair s of t heir St at e of or igin and t o vot e and t o be elect ed at elect ions of t hat St at e, in accor dance w it h it s legislat ion.

2. The St at es concer ned shall, as appr opr iat e and in accor dance w it h t heir legislat ion, facilit at e t he exer cise of t hese r ight s.

Ar ticle 42

1. St at es Par t ies shall consider t he est ablishment of procedur es or instit utions t hr ough w hich account may be t aken, bot h in St at es of or igin and in St at es of employment , of special needs, aspir ations and obligat ions of migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families and shall envisage, as appr opr iat e, t he possibilit y for migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families t o have t heir fr eely chosen r epr esent at ives in t hose inst it ut ions.

2. St at es of employment shall facilit at e, in accor dance w it h t heir nat ional legislat ion, t he consult at ion or par t icipation of migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families in decisions concer ning t he life and administ r at ion of local communit ies.

3. Migr ant w or ker s may enjoy polit ical r ight s in the St at e of employment if t hat St at e, in t he exer cise of it s sover eignt y, gr ants t hem such r ight s.

Ar ticle 43

1. Migr ant w or ker s shall enjoy equalit y of t r eat ment w it h nat ionals of t he St at e of employment in r elat ion t o :

(a) Access t o educat ional inst it utions and ser vices subject t o t he admission r equir ement s and ot her r egulat ions of t he instit utions and ser vices concer ned;

(b) Access t o vocat ional guidance and placement ser vices; (c) Access t o vocat ional t r aining and r et r aining facilit ies and

instit utions; (d) Access t o housing, including social housing schemes, and

pr ot ect ion against exploit at ion in r espect of r ent s; (e) Access t o social and healt h ser vices, pr ovided t hat t he

r equir ement s for par t icipation in t he r espect ive schemes ar e met ;

(f) Access t o co-oper at ives and self-managed ent er pr ises, w hich shall not imply a change of t heir migr ation st at us and shall be subject t o t he r ules and r egulat ions of t he bodies concer ned;

(g) Access t o and part icipation in cult ur al life.

2. St at es Par ties shall pr omot e condit ions t o ensur e effect ive equalit y of t r eat ment t o enable migr ant w or ker s t o enjoy t he r ight s ment ioned in par agr aph 1 of t he pr esent ar t icle w henever t he t er ms of t heir st ay, as aut hor ized by t he St at e of employment , meet t he appr opr iat e r equir ement s.

3. St at es of employment shall not pr event an employer of migr ant w or ker s fr om est ablishing housing or social or cult ur al facilit ies for t hem. Subject t o ar t icle 70 of t he pr esent Convent ion, a St at e of employment may make t he est ablishment of such facilit ies subject t o t he r equir ement s gener ally applied in t hat Stat e concer ning t heir inst allat ion.

Ar ticle 44

1. St at es Par t ies, r ecognizing t hat t he family is t he nat ur al and fundament al gr oup unit of societ y and is ent it led to pr ot ect ion by societ y and t he St at e, shall t ake appr opr iat e measur es t o ensur e t he pr ot ect ion of t he unit y of t he families of migr ant w or ker s.

2. St at es Par t ies shall t ake measur es t hat t hey deem appr opr iat e and t hat fall w it hin t heir compet ence t o facilit at e the r eunificat ion of migr ant w or ker s w it h t heir spouses or per sons w ho have w it h t he migr ant w or ker a r elat ionship t hat , accor ding t o applicable law , pr oduces effect s equivalent t o mar r iage, as w ell as w it h t heir minor dependent unmar r ied childr en.

3. St at es of employment , on humanit ar ian gr ounds, shall favour ably consider gr anting equal t r eat ment , as set for t h in par agr aph 2 of t he pr esent ar t icle, t o ot her family member s of migr ant w or ker s.

Ar ticle 45

1. Member s of t he families of migr ant w or ker s shall, i n t he St at e of employment , enjoy equalit y of t r eat ment w it h nat ionals of t hat St at e in r elat ion t o :

(a) Access t o educat ional inst it ut ions and ser vices, subject t o t he admission r equir ement s and ot her r egulat ions of t he instit utions and ser vices concer ned;

(b) Access t o vocat ional guidance and t r aining inst it utions and ser vices, pr ovided t hat r equir ement s for par t icipat ion ar e met ;

(c) Access t o social and healt h ser vices, pr ovided t hat r equir ement s for par t icipation in t he r espect ive schemes ar e met ;

(d) Access t o and part icipation in cult ur al life.

2. St at es of employment shall pur sue a policy, w her e appr opr iat e in collabor at ion w it h t he St at es of or igin, aimed at facilit at ing t he int egr ation of childr en of migr ant w or ker s in the local school syst em, par t icular ly in r espect of t eaching t hem t he local language.

3. St at es of employment shall endeavour t o facilit at e for t he childr en of migr ant w or ker s t he t eaching of t heir mot her t ongue and cult ur e and, in t his r egar d, St at es of or igin shall collabor at e w henever appr opr iat e.

4. St at es of employment may pr ovide special schemes of educat ion in t he mot her t ongue of childr en of migr ant w or ker s, if necessar y in collabor at ion w it h t he St at es of or igin.

Ar ticle 46

Migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families shall, subject t o t he applicable legislat ion of t he St at es concer ned, as w ell as r elevant int er national agr eement s and t he obligat ions of t he St at es concer ned ar ising out of t heir par t icipat ion in cust oms unions, enjoy exempt ion fr om impor t and export dut ies and t axes in r espect of t heir per sonal and household effect s as w ell as t he equipment necessar y t o engage in t he r emuner at ed act ivit y for w hich t hey w er e admit t ed t o t he Stat e of employment :

(a) Upon depar t ur e fr om t he St at e of or igin or St at e of habit ual r esidence;

(b) Upon initial admission t o t he St at e of employment ; (c) Upon final depar t ur e fr om t he St at e of employment ; (d) Upon final r et ur n t o t he St at e of or igin or St at e of habit ual

r esidence.

Ar ticle 47

1. Migr ant w or ker s shall have t he r ight t o t r ansfer t heir ear nings and savings, in part icular t hose funds necessar y for t he support of t heir families, fr om t he St at e of employment t o t heir St at e of or igin or any ot her St at e. Such t r ansfer s shall be made in confor mit y w it h pr ocedur es est ablished by applicable legislat ion of t he St at e concer ned and in confor mit y w it h applicable int er national agr eement s.

2. St at es concer ned shall t ake appr opr iat e measur es t o facilit at e such t r ansfer s.

Ar ticle 48

1. Wit hout pr ejudice t o applicable double t axat ion agr eement s, migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families shall, in t he mat t er of ear nings in t he St at e of employment :

(a) Not be liable t o t axes, dut ies or char ges of any descr iption higher or mor e oner ous t han t hose imposed on nat ionals in similar cir cumst ances;

(b) Be ent it led t o deductions or exempt ions fr om t axes of any descr ipt ion and t o any t ax allow ances applicable t o nat ionals in similar cir cumst ances, including t ax allow ances for dependent member s of t heir fami lies.

2. St at es Par t ies shall endeavour t o adopt appr opr iat e measur es t o avoid double t axat ion of t he ear nings and savings of migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families.

Ar ticle 49

1. Wher e separ at e aut hor izat ions t o r eside and to engage in employment ar e r equir ed by nat ional legislat ion, t he St at es of employment shall issue t o migr ant w or ker s aut hor izat ion of r esidence for at least t he same per iod of t ime as t heir aut hor izat ion t o engage in r emuner at ed act ivit y.

2. Migr ant w or ker s w ho in t he St at e of employment ar e allow ed fr eely t o choose t heir r emuner at ed act ivit y shall neit her be r egar ded as in an ir r egular sit uat ion nor shall t hey lose t heir aut hor izat ion of r esidence by t he mer e fact of t he t er minat ion of t heir r emuner at ed act ivit y pr ior t o t he expir at ion of t heir w or k per mit s or similar aut hor izat ions.

3. In or der t o allow migr ant w or ker s r efer r ed t o in par agr aph 2 of t he pr esent ar t icle sufficient time t o find alt er nat ive r emuner at ed act ivit ies, t he aut hor izat ion of r esidence shall not be w it hdr aw n at least for a per iod cor r esponding t o t hat dur ing w hich t hey may be ent it led t o unemployment benefit s.

Ar ticle 50

1. In t he case of deat h of a migr ant w or ker or dissolut ion of mar r iage, t he St at e of employment shall favour ably consider gr ant ing family member s of t hat migr ant w or ker r esiding in t hat St at e on t he basis of family r eunion an aut hor izat ion t o st ay; t he St at e of employment shall t ake int o account t he lengt h of t ime t hey have alr eady r esided in t hat St ate.

2. Member s of t he family t o w hom such aut hor izat ion is not gr ant ed shall be allow ed befor e depar t ur e a r easonable per iod of t ime in or der t o enable t hem t o set t le t heir affair s in t he St at e of employment .

3. The pr ovisions of par agr aphs 1 and 2 of t he pr esent ar t icle may not be int er pr et ed as adver sely affect ing any r ight to st ay and w or k ot her w ise gr ant ed t o such family member s by t he legislat ion of t he St at e of employment or by bilat er al and mult ilat er al t r eat ies applicable t o t hat St at e.

Ar ticle 51

Migr ant w or ker s w ho in t he St at e of employment ar e not per mit t ed fr eely t o choose t heir r emuner at ed act ivit y shall neit her

be r egar ded as in an ir r egular sit uat ion nor shall t hey lose t heir aut hor izat ion of r esidence by t he mer e fact of t he t er minat ion of t heir r emuner at ed act ivit y pr ior t o t he expir at ion of t heir w or k per mit , except w her e t he aut hor izat ion of r esidence is expr essly dependent upon t he specific r emuner at ed act ivit y for w hich t hey w er e admit t ed. Such migr ant w or ker s shall have t he r ight t o seek alt er nat ive employment , par t icipat ion in public w or k schemes and r et r aining dur ing t he r emaining per iod of t heir aut hor izat ion t o w or k, subject t o such condit ions and limit at ions as ar e specified in t he aut hor izat ion t o w or k.

Ar ticle 52

1. Migr ant w or ker s in t he St at e of employment shall have t he r ight fr eely t o choose t heir r emuner at ed act ivit y, subject t o t he follow ing r est r ict ions or condit ions.

2. For any migr ant w or ker a St at e of employment may: (a) Rest r ict access t o limit ed cat egor ies of employment ,

funct ions, ser vices or act ivit ies w her e t his is necessar y in t he int er ests of t his St at e and pr ovided for by nat ional legislat ion;

(b) Rest r ict fr ee choice of r emuner at ed act ivit y in accor dance w it h its legislat ion concer ning r ecognition of occupat ional qualificat ions acquir ed out side it s t er r it or y. How ever , St at es Par t ies concer ned shall endeavour t o pr ovide for r ecognit ion of such qualificat ions.

3. For migr ant w or ker s w hose per mission t o w or k is limit ed in t ime, a St at e of employment may also :

(a) Make t he r ight fr eely t o choose t heir r emuner at ed act ivit ies subject t o t he condit ion t hat t he migr ant w or ker has r esided

(b) Limit access by a migr ant w or ker t o r emuner at ed act ivit ies in pur suance of a policy of gr ant ing prior it y t o its nat ionals or t o per sons w ho ar e assimilat ed t o t hem for t hese pur poses by vir t ue of legislat ion or bilat er al or mult ilat er al agr eement s. Any such limit at ion shall cease t o apply t o a migr ant w or ker w ho has r esided law fully in it s t er r it or y for t he pur pose of r emuner at ed act ivit y for a per iod of t ime pr escr ibed in its nat ional legislat ion t hat should not exceed five year s.

4. St at es of employment shall pr escr ibe t he condit ions under w hich a migr ant w or ker w ho has been admit ted t o t ake up employment may be aut hor ized t o engage in w ork on his or her ow n account . Account shall be t aken of t he per iod dur ing w hich t he w or ker has alr eady been law fully in t he St at e of employment .

Ar ticle 53

1. Member s of a migr ant w or ker 's family w ho have t hemselves an aut hor izat ion of r esidence or admission t hat is w it hout limit of t ime or is aut omat ically r enew able shall be per mit t ed fr eely t o choose t heir r emuner at ed act ivit y under t he same conditions as ar e applicable t o t he said migr ant w or ker in accor dance w it h ar t icle 52 of t he pr esent Convent ion.

2. Wit h r espect t o member s of a migr ant w or ker 's family w ho ar e not per mitt ed fr eely t o choose t heir r emuner at ed act ivit y, St at es Par t ies shall consider favour ably gr ant ing t hem pr ior it y in obt aining per mission t o engage in a r emuner at ed act ivit y over ot her w or ker s w ho seek admission t o t he St at e of employment , subject t o applicable bilat er al and mult ilat er al agr eement s.

Ar ticle 54

1. Wit hout pr ejudice t o t he t er ms of t heir aut hor izat ion of r esidence or t heir per mission t o w or k and t he r ight s pr ovided for

(a) Pr ot ect ion against dismissal; (b) Unemployment benefit s; (c) Access t o public w or k schemes int ended t o combat

unemployment ; (d) Access t o alt er nat ive employment in t he event of loss of

w or k or t er minat ion of ot her r emuner at ed act ivity, subject t o ar t icle 52 of t he pr esent Convent ion.

2. If a migr ant w or ker claims t hat t he t er ms of his or her w or k cont r act have been violat ed by his or her employer , he or she shall have t he r ight t o addr ess his or her case t o t he compet ent aut hor it ies of t he St at e of employment , on t er ms pr ovided for in ar t icle 18, par agr aph 1, of t he pr esent Convent ion.

Ar ticle 55

Migr ant w or ker s w ho have been gr ant ed per mission t o engage in a r emuner at ed act ivit y, subject t o t he condit ions att ached t o such per mission, shall be ent it led t o equalit y of t r eat ment w it h nat ionals of t he St at e of employment in t he exer cise of t hat r emuner at ed act ivit y.

Ar ticle 56

1. Migr ant w or ker s and member s of t heir families r efer r ed t o in t he pr esent par t of t he Convent ion may not be expelled fr om a St at e of employment , except for r easons defined in t he nat ional legislat ion of t hat St at e, and subject t o t he safeguar ds est ablished in par t III.

2. Expulsion shall not be r esor t ed t o for t he pur pose of depr iving a migr ant w or ker or a member of his or her fami ly of t he r ight s ar ising out of t he aut hor izat ion of r esidence and t he w or k per mit .

3. In consider ing w het her t o expel a migr ant w or ker or a member of his or her family, account should be t aken of humanit ar ian consider at ions and of t he lengt h of t ime t hat t he per son concer ned has alr eady r esided in t he St at e of employment .