This study also tries to describe the context affected by the speeches. It allows social dimension to encounter in the speech uttered by President Bill Clinton. Joseph 2006:
143 states that all the acceptances and refusals have political implications, starting at the interpersonal level and extending up to the national level. It is intended to prove
how this national speeches employ the intention of what Clinton was saying as he served the most influencial and powerful country at that time.
C. Limitation of the Problem
To specify the analysis, this research is limited into the concept of speech acts defined by Searle
as it is developed based on Austin‘s, not to mention the context of situation influenced by these apology speeches, and how the speeches have classical
rhetoric power that affects society. The analysis focuses on the type of speech acts observed in Clinton‘s apology speeches on his two apology speeches during the
scandal with Monica Lewinsky, an intern in the White House, on August 17 entitled I Misled
and September 11 entitiled I Have Sinned in 1998. This research would analyse the complexity of language use in illocutionary force. It is intended to create
understanding at the heart of speech learners so they know how to maximise the intended meaning on their speech acts.
D. Formulation of the Problems
Based on the previous explanation, the researcher formulates the problems as follows: 1.
What are the kinds of speech acts that can be observed in President Clinton‘s apology speeches during the Lewinsky scandal and how does the context of
situation surrounding influence the speeches?
2. What are the arrangements of classical rhetoric speeches in the delivery of
President Clinton‘s apology speeches during the Lewinsky scandal?
E. Research Objectives
Based on the formulation of the problems, the objectives of this study is: 1.
to find out the kinds of speech acts employed in the two apology speeches of President Clinton during the Lewinsky scandal
based on Searle‘s theory on the macro-classes of illocutionary force in extent of
Austin‘s, and to find out the context of situation that influences the speeches, and
2. to explain the arrangements of classical rhetoric speeches in the delivery of
President Clinton‘s apology speeches during the Lewinsky scandal.
F. Significance of the Study
Theoretically, it is expected that the final result is useful for: 1.
enriching the study in the field of linguistics, 2.
creating a bibliographical variation to the readers in the relation to the speech acts‘ classification, felocity conditions, social and political dimensions.
Practically, this research is expected to have some benefits for: 1.
students of English Education Department in dealing with the importance of studying great speeches as well as a reference to know how to produce
untterances that have suitable speech acts so that they achieve the goal of public speech,
2. the lecturers of English Education Department in dealing with the importance of
public speaking skills to be more motivated in developing alternative ways of teaching public speaking skilss, and
3. other researchers in order to have supporting evidences to conduct research in the
same field of study.
G. Operational Definition
