4. Conflict
This section consists of some theories related to conflict. They are the theory of conflicts, the types of conflicts, and the conflict resolutions. The theory of
conflict is needed to analyze the major characters interpersonal conflict psychologically.
a. Definition of Conflict
Laurence Perrine defines conflicts as clash of actions, ideas, and desires or wills between two individuals or among people in the society. The conflict can
include physical, mental, emotional, or moral aspects. In the real life people try to avoid conflict because they prefer to live without any clash or quarrel. Although
people try to avoid conflicts, they will face a conflict, even without wars or large scale of disagreement 44.
According to Perrine conflict in a literary work may consist of one conflict that is stated clearly and the reader can easily identify the conflict. It may also
consist of many conflicts that are difficult to be understood by the reader. To understand multi conflicts the reader should analyse the conflicts one by one 44.
According to Redman a conflict means the struggle between two opposing forces, ideas and beliefs 363. Conflict can happen between a person with other people
and a person within himself.
b. Types of Conflict
Redman states that in literary context there are two terms of conflict: first inner conflict, which means a struggle within the heart and mind of the protagonist and
second, external conflict, which refers to a struggle between the protagonist and PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
an outside force. Inner conflict happens when the characters need to do an action but their belief prevents them to do something. The clash between their belief and
their feeling will force the characters to choose one of them. Second, external conflict, which refers to a struggle between the protagonist and an outside force,
happens when the characters have to face outside forces which are not similar to the characters desire, belief or thinking. The different desire, belief or thinking
will create a conflict between the character and people around him. 363. Jones and Gerard say that intrapersonal conflict is a conflict within an
individual because of incompatibility within himself, whereas Raven and Kruglanski see interpersonal conflict as tension between two or more social
entities, such as; individual, groups, or larger organizations, which arise from incompatibility of actual or desired responses qtd. in worchel and cooper 460
According to Atkinson and Hillgard, psychologically, there are two kinds of conflicts that happen in our daily lives. Those are internal and external conflicts.
External conflicts mean conflicts between us and other people who live around us, such as with friends, teachers, or with families. Meanwhile internal conflicts are
conflicts within our selves 424.
c. Theory of Conflict Resolution
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