Types of Vocabulary Vocabulary

kinds of words?” The aim is to help the teacher to formulate the material which will be taught to the student. Without formulates the aim, the learning process will run out from the planning and the result or target will not be reached maximal. b Quantity “The teacher may have to decide on the number of vocabulary items to be learned”. The teacher has to select the number of vocabulary items which easy to be understood by the students. The teacher cannot give the students a lot of new words in the same time because it makes the students confuse. c Needs “The students are put in a situation where they have to communicate and get the words they need, as they need them, using the teacher a s an informant”. The teacher needs to know what the vocabulary really needed by the students. It will help the teacher to choose the appropriate vocabulary for the student. d Frequent exposure and repetition “It is seldom, however, that we remember a new word simply by hearing at the first time. There has to be certain amount of repetition until there is evidence that students have learned the target word”. The teacher should give opportunity to the students to repeat and practice the words had been taught by the teacher and use it in oral and written text so that the students can master the words well e Meaningful presentation “The learner must have a clear and specific understanding of what it denotes or refers to. The word is presented in such a way that its denotation or reference is perfectly clear and ambigu ous”. The teacher should present the vocabulary in real thing. It will make the students easer to memorize the words. In this case the teacher can teach new words by showing the real thing from the word. Besides that can use another media such us film, picture and so on. The activity makes the students enjoy the lesson and the lesson can be recorded perfectly in their mind. f Situation of presentation “The choice of words can be very varied according to the situation in which we are speaking and according to how well we know the person, to whom we are speaking from informal to formal”. The teacher should tell the student to use the words appropriately. The use of words depends on the situation and the context. The word may appropriate in certain situation but not in another situation. In teaching vocabulary, the teacher can present the list of the words that is taken from the text book. Although the vocabulary takes from book, the teacher can use and add the vocabulary that is relevant with the material; by this way hopefully the student will get more vocabularies from other source. Haycraft explains the guidelines for the teacher on choosing vocabulary: 14 a Commonest Words It is important to choose words that are commonly used, or words that students need. Any unusual words will be taken the place of useful one in the student’s mind in teaching process. The teacher is helped here by the textbook where vocabulary is graded, and lists of the commonest words are also available. 14 Jhon Haycraft, An Introduction to English Language Teaching, Harlow, Longman Group Limited, 1986, p.44.