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20 to The Alchemist.
This novel tells about a shepherd, Santiago, who tries to make his dream come true. Santiago loves to travel around the world. Some days he dreams about the treasure
in Pyramids, Egypt. This dream interrupts him so because it comes twice and unfinished. Santiago meets an old man who knows about his dream. He gives him
advice. Then, Santiago decides to leave everything he has to realize his dream. During his journey to find the treasure, he meets some people who influence his motivation.
Santiago works for a crystal merchant in Egypt almost a year. This crystal merchant also has a dream like him, but he never tries to realize it. When Santiago is about too
sure to leave his dream, he remembers with what the old man has said to him and the lesson he learns from the crystal merchant. And he decides to make his dream come
true. Getting closer to the treasure, he faces a big dilemma. He meets Fatima, the desert woman he loves. His meeting with the alchemist in the desert makes him very sure that
he has to find the treasure. Fatima also supports him. After facing all the troubles, difficulties, and obstacles of life, Santiago finally finds his treasure.
3.2 Approach of the Study
The approach that is used in the study is the psychological approach proposed by Rohrberger and Woods, Jr. 6-15. This approach involves effort to locate and
demonstrate a certain recurrent pattern, but from a different body language. The psychological approach enables the researcher to look deeply into
Santiago’s and the minor characters personalities. Getting better understanding about the major character’s personality helps the researcher in understanding his motivation;
what kind of motivation he has. The researcher also tries to find out about the minor characters’ personalities in the novel. After knowing their personalities, knowing how
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21 the minor characters influence the major character’s motivation can be easily done.
The researcher finds out that the psychological approach is appropriate to answer the questions in problem formulation. Psychological approach applies the theory
of psychology. In the theory of psychology, there are explanation about human motivation, its causes, and kinds of human motivation. Since the focus of this study is
human motivation which is included in the theory of psychology, psychological approach is chosen in this study.
3.3 Method of the Study
Some steps were undertaken in this study. Many supporting sources come from library. The primary source is the novel The Alchemist and the secondary sources are
several reference books and articles which support this study. Some methods are used in this study. The first step was reading the novel.
Reading the novel carefully was very important. Understanding the main character’s actions and reactions, and pointed out the important details helped the researcher to
know his nature personalities and characteristics. The minor characters behaviours and react to the main character were the focus in this step. In this step, the researcher got
understanding about their personalities and how they influence Santiago’s motivation. The second step was collecting supporting data and articles related to the topic
of analysis. This is the step when the secondary sources were gained. The researcher read some books related to psychology theory to support the analysis of motivation.
Then, beginning to analyze the topic discussed on the problem formulation was the third step. Many supporting sources were used during this step. Finally, after having
completed in this study, making the conclusion based on the answers to the problems was conducted.
CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS
This chapter consists of three major parts. The first part concerns Santiago’s portrayal, as the main character in the story. The second part concerns
the minor characters’ portrayals as portrayed in the story of The Alchemist. The third part concerns about the influence of the minor characters on Santiago’s
motivation in realizing his dream.
4.1 The Characterization of Santiago
A character is the key in the story. It becomes essential because from a character’s role in the story, the reader can obtain the messages behind the story.
A character is the person who is life-like presented in a literary work and interpretable by the readers from his or her dialogues and actions Abrams 23.
According to Milligan 195, major or main character is the focus of the story. He appears more often than other characters from the beginning until the
end of the story. In The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho, Santiago is the major character. The readers’ attention is focused on him. Since the story is about his
journey to find the treasure in Egypt, he appears from the beginning until the end of the story.
Forster as quoted by Abrams 24 says that round character is complex in temperament and motivation and is represented with subtle particularly.
Therefore, he or she is capable of surprising the readers, just like a real person.
22 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
