Theoretical Framework REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

When Santiago meets Fatima, he does not say a word. He feels that life stands still when he sees into her dark eyes and her lips. He thinks that he does not need to understand any words because his heart is already known. Love is something that people cannot explain. It is the Pure Language of the World Coelho 93. His intelligence in understanding omens, then, save many people in the oasis of a desert from a war. When Santiago walks alone in the desert, he sees two hawks fly above him. Suddenly one of them flies attack another one. As he notices their movements, he has a vision, an army is coming, riding to the oasis, completing with its swords. He sees it as an omen for the oasis where he lives because there is a war near the oasis Coelho 99-113. An intelligent person is a creative person, too. Santiago knows that his knowledge of omens can improve his life. When he works at a crystal shop, he makes some improvements, for example by installing a display shelves to attract customers. He also learns Arabic well while working there, so that he can do the business in Arabic very well. With his intelligence, Santiago realizes that he can get back to Spain soon. He plans to buy many sheep and to enlarge his business in Africa Coelho 56. Thus, from his thoughts and actions, it can be concluded that Santiago is an intelligent person. His action of studying in seminary shows that he is brilliance. He can speak some languages, can understand advice, and omens during his journey to find treasure.

4.1.2 Critical

Santiago is a critical person. He likes to think about something that is interested or awkward for him. He thinks and draws his conclusion based on what he sees and observes. As a shepherd, Santiago always pays attention to his flock’s habit and sometimes he reflects it to his habit. He arose and, taking up his crook, began to awaken the sheep that still slept. He had noticed that, as soon as he awoke, most of his animals also began to stir. It was as if mysterious energy bound his life to that of the sheep, with whom he had spent the past two years, leading them through the countryside in search of food and water. “They are so used to me that they know my schedule,” he muttered. Thinking for that for a moment, he realized that is could be the other way around: that it was he who had become accustomed to their schedule.. Coelho 4 He has been critical since he was a child. He is a young seminarian when he is sixteen but then he decides to quit. As a child, he wants to know about the world. In addition, this is much more important than knowing God and learning about men’s sins Coelho 8. This is the reason why he likes travelling. Santiago also likes to read books. His critical thinking can be seen when he reads books. He starts to criticize something when he feels annoyed with it. One day, he feels annoyed with a book in which the characters’ names are difficult to remember and to pronounce. He thinks that he will not do that if one day he writes a book. He wants the readers enjoy his book Coelho 16. A critical person usually likes to ask many questions when he does not understand about the things. The old man or Melchizedek talks about the things that unfamiliar to Santiago when they have a conversation in the market. It raises Santiago’s critical thinking. He always asks many questions to him. “It’s a book that says the same thing almost all the other books in the world say,” continued the old man. “It describes people’s inability to choose their own Personal Legend. And it ends up saying that everyone believes the world’s greatest lie.” “What’s the world’s greatest lie?” the boy asked, completely surprised. “It’s this: that at a certain point in our lives, we lose control of what’s happening to us, and our lives become controlled by fate. That’s the world’s greatest lie.” “That’s never happened to me,” the boy said. “They wanted me to be a priest, but I decided to become a shepherd.” Coelho 18 Santiago keeps asking questions when he cannot accept what people think. Since he is an intelligent person, Santiago is smart of arranging his questions when he really does not know anything about the topic in the conversation. It can be seen while he talks to Melchizedek about where Melchizedek comes from and what he does Coelho 18-19. People say strange things, the boy thought. Sometimes it’s better to be with the sheep, who don’t say anything. And better still to be alone withy one’s books. They tell their incredible stories at the time when you want to hear. But when you’re talking to people, they say some things that are so strange that you don’t know how to continue the conversation. Coelho 19 Remembering a story about the baker told by Melchizedek, Santiago sometime reflects it to his life Coelho 22-23. Actually, the baker wants to travel around the world. Santiago thinks that it would be better for the baker if he were a shepherd like him, so that he can travel around the world. Then Melchizedek relates what Santiago thinks with what he calls Personal Legend. Again, Santiago’s curiosity arises his critical thinking. He asks many questions to Melchizedek for unusual things for him. Then the story of the baker really interrupts Santiago. He has to decide whether to continue his journey to search treasure or to keep being a shepherd. He PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI