27 A simple example:
X- Y-
Z- -Z -Y
-X I think [ that you can do it
{if you try} ]
Here, the clause beginning at Z- is subordinate to the clause beginning at Y-, which in turn is subordinate to the clause beginning at X-. Both Y and Z are
dependent clause, while X is the independent clause of the sentence above. And
the sentence fulfils the pattern of S-V-O-A, in which I functions as S, think as V, that you can do it
as O, and if you try as A.
B. Theoretical Framework
As the framework, some points can be summed up. Sentences are divided into four broad categories namely simple, compound, complex, and compound-
complex. Complex sentences becoming the focus of this study are those having one independent clause, and at least one dependent clause which can be in the
form of finite or non-finite noun clause, finite or non-finite adjective clause and finite or non-finite adverb clause.
Complex sentences that will be analysed in this study, therefore, can be noted as follows.
1. Complex sentences containing finite or non-finite noun clauses 2. Complex sentences containing finite or non-finite adjective clauses
3. Complex sentences containing finite or non-finite adverb clauses 4. Complex sentences containing multiple clause structure
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28 In relation to the problem of this study, Research Paper Writing students’
mastery of complex sentences will be analysed from their Mid Test 1 research reports based on theories presented in the theoretical description. In case
ungrammaticality is found out, the ungrammaticality will be described so that students’ lack in writing complex sentence will be eventually revealed. Doing so,
the writer will be able to give alternatives or possible solutions on how to improve the students’ mastery on that traced area.
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29
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter is about the methods of the study. It is also used to prove the research through the methodology from which the research obtains its ultimate
interpretation according to the findings. This chapter consists of six parts. Those are research methods, participantsrespondents, research instruments, data
gathering technique, data analysis techniques, and research procedure.
A. Research Methods
The research was a document analysis. Document analysis “focuses on analysing and interpreting recorded materials within its own context” Ary
Razavieh, 2002. This document analysis was conducted to obtain data on the Research Paper Writing students’ mastery of complex sentences. This method was
chosen because it was authentic and natural in the way that Research Paper Writing students were to write research reports for their Mid Test 1 as usual. This
made students really show their ability in writing as they usually did for their curricular tests, and marks. Before conducting document analysis, the writer tried
to find as many relevant references as possible to obtain sufficient theories on which the study would be grounded.
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