Data Collection THE WESTERN CONSTRUCTION OF ISLAM AND THE MUSLIM WORLD IN IGNATIUS’ BODY OF LIES A THESIS.

his or her standpoint, the participants and the readers Creswell, 2009: 191. On the otherhand, reliability means the dependability or consistency. It indicates that the samething is repeated under the identical or very similar conditions. The reliability of the research was gained by using intra-rater technique through the following steps. First, the researcher evaluated the data of her research with the theoretical concept presented in the chart of analytical construct. Second, the researcher read and re-read the data until she got certainty of the data with valid interpretation with the reference presented in the analytical construct. The purpose of doing this technique was to keep the consistency of the data. To check the validity of this research, Creswell’s theory peer debriefing method was used. It means that during the process of collecting the data, the researcher implemented a collaborator, a peer debriefer Creswell, 2009: 192, to review and to ask questions in order to get the similarity between the researcher’s interpretation and the peer debriefer’s interpretation. The researcher chose three of her friends as reviewers to check the data of this research and give their interpretation. The discussion with reviewers was also conducted to get the same interpretation to achieve validity of the data. Besides, the researcher also consulted the data to her first and second consultant, Sugi Iswalono, M.A. and Rachmat Nurcahyo, M.A. who were competent in analyzing literary works. Those processes were done on the whole data. CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION As has been stated in the previous chapter, this research aims to reveal Western domination in the Muslim world seen through discourses produced by some Western and Middle Eastern characters who act as narrator in the novel. To begin with, it is worth knowing that Ignatius’ Body of Lies talks about the effort of American Intelligents in breaking and stopping Islamic terrorism cells. The setting is mainly set in some regions in the Middle East which is later mentioned as the Muslim world. Derived from Said’s theory, Orientalism mainly deals with the social condition in colonialism and post-colonialism time revealing the western style of domination, structure, and authority over the Orient or the colonized countries. It empasizes the aspect of power and authority that come from the West. By having power, the West can control the East and construct the rules which are prevailing in the colony. Thus, power is the main aspect in the field of Orientalism. The Western domination and power are obviously seen prevailing in the Muslim world. Although most of the Muslim countries gained their independence since 19 th century, they have lived under the colonial rule legacy which continues dominating them, meaning that the Muslim countries have lived under Western neocolonialism. This new type of colonialism can be rationalized by Orientalism through dominating framework, a system of structural ideas which is constructed to represent and judge the East negatively. The construction is purposely built by the West not merely to represent Islam and the Muslim world as having negative