Prefix dis- means:
• Opposite feeling or not
des- + comfort î discomfort dis’k mf t
• Lack of
dis- + belief î disbelief disbi’li:f
• Apart
dis- + connect î disconnect dis’k nekt
4.1.2 Prefixes in Pakpak Dairi Language
In Pakpak Dairi Language, there are eight prefixes. They are prefix i-, ki-, me-, mer-, pe-, per-, se-, and ter-.
1. Prefix i- i:
Form
Prefix i- can be attached to the base forms started with vowel and consonant phonemes.
i- + dapet î idapeti:dapet ‘to be found’ i- + aleng î ialeng i:ale ‘to be fetched’
Prefix i- does not change the base form of the word. i- + dapet î idapet i:dapet ‘to be found’
Setia Jojor Solin : A Contrastive Analysis Of Prefixes In English And Pakpak Dairi Language, 2008 USU Repository © 2008
i- + buat î ibuat i:buat ‘ to be taken’
Distribution
Prefix i- can be attached to:
• Verb
i- + tokor î itokor i:tokor ‘to be bought, i- + tutung î itutung i:tutu to be burned’
Function
Prefix i- can change the class word of the base form .
i- + Noun î Verb
i- + cak’ul î icak’ul i:cak’ul ‘to be dug up’ i- + labang î ilabang i:laba ‘to be nailed’
Notion
Prefix i- means:
• Passive Verb
i- + getuk î igetuk i:getuk ’to be pinched’ i- + parap î iparap i:parap ‘to be slapped’
2. Prefix ki- ki
Setia Jojor Solin : A Contrastive Analysis Of Prefixes In English And Pakpak Dairi Language, 2008 USU Repository © 2008
Form
Prefix ki- can be attached to the base forms started with vowel and consonant phonemes.
ki- + kutu î kikutu kikutu ‘serch for louse’ ki- + embah î kiembah kiembah ‘to bring’
Prefix ki- does not change the base form of the word. ki- + labang î kilabang kilaba ‘to nail’
ki- + sarut î kisarut kisarut ‘to bite’
Distribution
Prefix ki- can be attached to:
• Verb
ki- + kurak î kikurak kikurak ‘to dig’ ki- + sarut î kisarut kisarut ‘to bite’
• Noun
ki- + kutu î kikutu kikutu ‘serch for louse’ ki- + labang î kilabang kilaba ‘to nail’
Function
Prefix ki- can change the class word of the base form.
• ki- + Noun î Verb
Setia Jojor Solin : A Contrastive Analysis Of Prefixes In English And Pakpak Dairi Language, 2008 USU Repository © 2008
ki- + kutu î kikutu
kikutu ‘serch for louse’
Notion
Prefix ki- means:
• Search something
ki- + sayur î kisayur kisayur ‘search for vegetable’
• To do something
ki- + kurak î kikur kikur k ‘to dig’
3. Prefix me- me
Form
Prefix me- can be attached to the base forms started with vowel and consonant phonemes.
me- + buat î memuat memuat ‘to take’ me - + aleng î mengaleng me :ale ‘to be fetch’
Prefix me- can change the base form of the word into:
• Meng- when it is attached to base form started with g and k
me- + galar î menggalar me galar ‘to pay’ me- + kurak î mengkurak me kurak ‘to dig’
Setia Jojor Solin : A Contrastive Analysis Of Prefixes In English And Pakpak Dairi Language, 2008 USU Repository © 2008
• Mem- when it is attached to base form started with b and p
me- + buat î memuat memuat ‘to take’ me- + penggel î memenggelmeme gel ‘to cut’
• Menge- when it is attached to base form started with l, m, n and r
me- + rana î mengerana me erana ‘to speak’ me- + labang î mengelabangme elaba ‘to nail’
• Men- when it is attached to base form started with d,j, and c
me- + cekep î mencekep menc k p ‘to hold’ me- + dahi î mendahi m ndahi ‘to visit’
• Men- when it is attached to base form started with s and tand
the first phoneme of the base will be dropped. me- + sori î menori menori ‘to comb’
me- tutung = menutung menutu ‘to burn’
Distribution
Prefix me- can be attached to:
• Verb
me- + cekep î mencekep m nc k p ‘to hold’ me- + tutung î menutung menutu ‘to burn’
Setia Jojor Solin : A Contrastive Analysis Of Prefixes In English And Pakpak Dairi Language, 2008 USU Repository © 2008
• Noun
me- + sori î menori menori ‘to comb’ me- + labang î mengelabang me elaba ‘to nail’
Function
Prefix me- can change the class word of the base form.
• me- + Noun î Verb
me- + labang î mengelabangme elaba ‘to nail’
Notion
Prefix me- means:
• To do something
me- + rana î mengerana me erana ‘to speak’
4. Prefix mer- m
