and to be responsible for their own learning achievement. The students may also develop their reading skill not only in English area but also in other subject areas.
2. English teachers of SMA STELLA DUCE 1 Yogyakarta
The designed materials hopefully help the teachers monitor and improve the English mastery of the students. This design may also be used as an input for the
teachers to determine the appropriate strategies for the reading lesson. Moreover, this design can aid the students do the English reading test in the National
Examination UN successfully. In addition, this design may help the teachers to be more creative in providing English reading materials for their students.
3. Other researchers
This study may motivate other researchers who would like to focus their study on the reading area. Moreover, the designed materials can be used as the
guidance to design other reading materials for further educational level.
F. Definition of Terms
To avoid misunderstanding, below are some definitions of terms: 1.
Design According to Kemp 1977: 8, design is a plan which is applied in every
level of education and it has three essential elements. They are objective of the learning, the activities and resources, and evaluation. In this study, design is a plan
to arrange a set of English reading materials where it can be used to facilitate the tenth grade students of SMA STELLA DUCE 1 Yogyakarta comprehend the English
reading texts.
2. Instructional Material
According to Dick and Reiser 1989:3, instructional material is a set of materials which is used to deliver instructions to the learners. In this study,
instructional materials means a set of materials provided for the students where it enables the students to gain specific skills in comprehending the English reading
texts.
3. Reading
Nunan 2003:68 stated reading is a fluent process of readers combining information from a text and their own background knowledge to build meaning. In
other word, reading is an active process of gaining knowledge. The success of the students in reading is indicated when they have been able to gain the meaning of
the reading text they face and they can get the information from it.
4. Cognitive strategy
Cognitive strategy deals with the interpretation of the written text where it is supported by the background information possessed by the readers and the way the
information is organized within the text Simanjuntak, 1998:6. In this study, cognitive strategy is a strategy which is used to assist the students to organize their
thinking to search for meaning whenever they deal with any educational tasks.
5. Reciprocal teaching
Reciprocal teaching is a comprehension-fostering activity which emphasizes on four major strategies, summarizing, predicting, questioning, and clarifying.
Each of the strategies facilitates the students to get the meaning from what they
read. These strategies focus on the development of the students’ self-monitoring toward their learning. Furthermore, these strategies help the students to be aware of
their used strategies to comprehend the written texts.
6. The tenth grade of Senior High School Students
The tenth grade students are the students about 15-16 years old. Grade is a school level where students gather in the group of the same ages. The writer
chooses to conduct the research in the tenth grade since they need to be facilitated the foundation to gain knowledge as soon as possible since it can be used as their
means for their learning processes.
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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
