C. Techniques in Collecting the Data
There have been three techniques used in collecting the data, they are; Observation, interview, and documentation.
1 Observation
The observation used in this present study is participant observation. According to Susan Stainback, as cited in Sugiyono,
asserted that “in participant observation, the researcher observes what people do, listen to what they say, and participates in their
activities.”
9
And particularly, the researcher used complete participation in which the researcher acts as a natural participant.
In collecting the data, he had been fully engaged with the things done by the source of data. Since its natural, thus he does not
look like doing a research.
According to Spradley, as cited in Sugiyono, there are three objects can be observed in the qualitative research, they are;
place, actor, and activities. And in this present study, the observation is started by doing grand tour observation and
followed by the mini tour observation.
10
In its application, the grand tour observation conducted for getting a specific field note
in order to answer some general questions like; 1
Space: the physical space, 2
Actor: the people involve, 3
Activity: a set of related acts people do, 4
Object: the physical things that are present, 5
Act: single actions that people do, 6
Event: a set of related activities that people carry out, 7
Time: the sequencing that take place over time, 8
Goal: the thing people trying to accomplish,
9
Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan RD Bandung: Alfabeta, 2008, p. 227.
10
Ibid., p. 229.
9 Feeling: the emotion felt and expressed.
11
In doing the observation, the researcher made the field note of what he heard, saw, and experienced during the three
months observation. Observation was conducted to obtain the data about the utilization of Edmodo micro-blogging in the
teaching and learning process, particularly in teaching and learning writing. The observation sheet was also used to know
students‟ response toward the Edmodo micro-blogging model in teaching writing. It consisted of three categories; interest,
attention, and participation.
The observation is formally conducted each day from Sunday to Friday that is started from July 20
th
until October 31
st
2012, in other words the observation conducted for about three months.
2 Interview
Interview conducted to gather the detail information from the respondent. It was divided into two part; pre-interview and
post-interview. The pre-interview is considered as a preliminary study to help the researcher grasp deeply information about the
object. In the pre-interview, the researcher used structured interview. The pre interview was conducted in preparation step; it
was carried out before the cycle began. In the pre-interview, the writer interviewed six students. Those six students are chosen
from the six classes. He chooses one student from each class to be interviewed. It has ten
questions relate to students‟ difficulties in writing and also about their opinion toward the utilization of
blog in learning English. The result of the interview was used as a step stone to
start the first cycle. And in the end, the post interview was conducted after all of the cycles and used semi-structure
interview. It was carried out to get the students‟ perception
toward study writing through Edmodo micro-blogging. As the pre-interview, the post interview was given to the tenth grade
student. In this second time interview, the writer chooses ten
11
Ibid., p. 229.
students from the two classes. The interview had ten questions about students‟ views advantages, weaknesses, and motivation
during learning writing through Edmodo micro-blogging.
3 Documentation
The documentation used in this present study is the official document and photo. This is in line with had been
proposed by Bogdan, as cited in Sugiyono that “photograph provide strikingly descriptive data, are often used to understand
the s ubjective and is product are frequently analyzed inductive.”
12
The official document that is studied by the researcher are; 1 Institutional data like School history, teachers, students,
facilities, and infrastructure. 2 The data of Educational process like teaching and learning process, daily program, monthly
program, and so forth.
D. Data Analysis
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