Formulation of the Problems
Stanley and his friend said that argumentative writing has different aim and purpose from both expressive writing and expository writing. The
primary aim of writing is to persuade, neither to express the writer nor to explain the subject but to convince the reader of the writer’s point of view on
a particular issue.
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A persuasive argument should follow a persuasive strategy based on an anticipation of the audience response, as James said on his book. He also
added that the reason for persuading, and the type of appeals included. The examples of elements of persuasion namely:
1. Audience. The writer cannot ignore the audience’s opposing beliefs or
feelings about the subject matter. Therefore, he or she should acknowledge those beliefs or feeling. The writer should state them at the beginning of
the argument to demonstrate that the writer is reasonable and fair. 2.
Reason for persuading. Writer’s goal in persuading may simply be to ask someone to consider an idea, or it may be a call for action, a demand or
request that writer’s audience do something. the writer had better state that goal early in the argument, making the claim in a topic sentence, and
then developing the claim in the body of the paragraph or essay. 3.
Type of persuasive appeals. The best way to support the claim is with solid evidence: facts, figures, and examples. The writer may also choose to
support a claim by citing an expert or authority on the subject. Appeals to emotions such as sympathy, anger, or even humor can be effective, too.
But not to appeal only to emotions. The writer should respect the intelligence of audience, and tell the truth.
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