C. Method of the Study
There were some steps to analyze the novel. First, I read the story many times in order to gain in a deeper understanding on the novel, then I made some notes
concerning the evidence of some problems that I found in the novel, such as characters, conflicts, and society. Second, I collected some books and papers or
articles from the Library which related with the subject matter of my study. I also tried to find some criticism about the novel in the internet. Then I read them all and
compare the theories and criticism toward the novel. Third, I analyzed the novel. There were still few of steps that I did in analyzing the novel. First, I explain
the main character personality then I tried to find some interaction between characters o find out the conflicts which are faced by the main character. After that, I tried to
find out the society which influences the conflicts. Then I compared the society in the twentieth century and the society in the novel to reveal the criticism of the author in
the novel. Method of the study I used is a Library research because some of the sources I taken form the library, learning other thesis that have close relation with my
study and then comparing them. I also did some browsing in the internet to find some criticism about the novel I analyze.
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
This chapter contains the answers of three problems as I stated in the previous problem formulation. This analysis will be divided into three parts. The first part will
describe the analysis of Stephen Kumalo’s characterization. The second part will be the description of Stephen Kumalo’s conflicts and the causes of the conflicts. The
third part will answer Paton’s criticism toward South African society as reflected in Stephen Kumalo’s conflicts.
A. The Characterization of Stephen Kumalo
As described in the novel, Kumalo is an old man around sixty. He has occupation as a priest and he used to be called Umfundisi by people in Ndotsheni
which means a parson. “Kumalo Felt a pang of jealously for he had never earned ten pounds a month
in all his sixty years. p. 214 “
“The Reverend Stephen Kumalo looked up from the table where he was writing, and he called, come in. The small child open the door carefully like
one who is afraid to open carelessly the door of so important a house, and stepped timidly in. – I bring a letter, Umfundisi. p. 8 “
Stephen Kumalo is a kind hearted and a humble man. He always spoke his words humbly and almost all of his speech with another person he said it humbly.
“He is kind and gentle, and treats her with courtesy and respect, and uses the house as if it were his. And she admires him for what he has done, for saving
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