العناصر الإشارية في مسرحية "الأسير الكريم" لعلي أحمد باكثير.

S.Hum

A

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ABSTRAK

‫العناصر اإشارية ي مسرحية "اأسر الكرم" لعلي أمد اكثر‬
)‫(دراسة حليلة تداولية‬
Unsur- unsur Deiksis dalam Drama “Al-asi>rul Kari>m” Karya ‘Ali Ah}mad
Ba>kathi>r
(Studi Analisis Pragmatik)
Unsur-unsur deiksis merupakan unsur yang terdapat dalam sebuah
ungkapan yang terikat dengan konteks pembicaraan. Deiksis berasal dari kata
Yunani Kuno yang berarti “menunjukkan atau menunjuk”. Dengan kata lain
informasi kontekstual secara leksikal maupun gramatikal yang menunjukkan
pada hal tertentu baik benda, tempat, ataupun waktu.
Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah teks drama sejarah “Al-asi>rul
Kari>m” karya ‘Ali Ah}mad Ba>kathi>r dan sumber data dari teks drama yang
sama. Drama ini menceritakan tentang kisah sahabat Nabi Muhammad SAW
bernama H}ubaib bin ‘Ady yang menjadi tawanan keluarga Bani H}arith. Yang

dikarenakan dia telah membunuh al-H}ar> ith ayah dari ‘Uqbah ketika perang
badar. Sehingga keluarga Bani H}arith menaruh dendam kepadanya dan
menjadikan dia sebagai tawanan sampai dia mati. Dengan kesabaran dan
keimanan yang kuat, H}ubaib tetap menerima siksaan demi siksaan yang
dilakukakan kepadanya. Sampai dia meninggal dengan keadaan husnul
khotimah mempertahankan keimannya kepada Allah SWT dan Rasulullah
SAW.
Rumusan masalah yang ada pada penelitian ini adalah, bagaimana
macam-macam deiksis persona, tempat dan waktu dalam drama “Al-asi>rul
Kari>m” karya ‘Ali Ah}mad Ba>kas}ir> ? Dan apa fungsi deiksis persona, tempat
dan waktu dalam drama “Al-asi>rul Kari>m” karya ‘Ali Ah}mad Ba>kathi>r?
Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka dengan menggunakan
metode kualitatif sesuai dengan data yang diperoleh berupa kata-kata dan
kalimat yang mengandung macam-macam deiksis yang ada dalam teks drama
“Al-asi>rul Kari>m”. Adapun analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis deiksis
yang merupakan cabang ilmu pragmatik. Dengan analisis ini dapat diketahui
referen dari penggunaan d}ami>r dalam teks drama yang merujuk pada persona,
tempat, dan waktu pada konteks.

‫ل‬

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Pada teks drama “Al-asi>rul Kari>m” karya ‘Ali Ah}mad Ba>kathi>r,
peneliti menemukan ungkapan-ungkapan yang mengandung deiksis yang
terdiri dari tiga macam deiksis. Pertama, deiksis persona (ishariyah
shakhs}iyah) sebanyak 108 yang berupa kataforis deiksis (mutakallim atau
mukhatab) dan anaforis (ghaib) baik yang befungsi sebagai pronomia afiksal
(d}ami>r muttas}il) maupun pronomia leksikal (d}ami>r munfas}il). Kedua, deiksis
tempat (isha>riyah maka>niyah) sebanyak 25 yang berupa lokasi relative,
proksimal (qari>b), distal (ba’i>d). Baik yang berfungsi sebagai lokatif
(mawqi’iyah), demonstrative (muashiriyah), dan temporal (zama>niyah).
Ketiga, deiksis waktu (ishariyah zama>niyah) sebanyak 65 yang berupa deiksis
waktu lampau (ma>di} y) dan yang akan datang (mustaqbal). Baik yang
berfungsi temporal (isha>riyah) dan non temporal (ghairu isha>riyah).

Kata Kunci : Deiksis, Drama Al-asi>rul Kari>m , Ali Ahmad Bakatsir

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→➣

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●❍

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❧♠

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➅➆

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❐❐

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✄☎☎

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❆✮ ✸ ✸❇✮ ❖✶ ✮❄ ◆✶ ✮❄ ▲
✶ ✲ ❆✶ ✸ ✸▼✮ ❑❋❊✸
✲ ✸ ●✮✶❍✰ ■✮ ✸ ✸✿✲ ✴❏✸ ❃✴ ✶❄❅✮ ❆✴ ❇✴ ✺✶ ✸ ✮❈❉✮ ❊✸ ✸❂❁❁
❀✲ ✮✽✸✮✾✿✴ ✺✲ ✸ ✮✻✼✶✮✯✰ ✱✲
✮ ✳ ✴✵✷✸✶ ✸ ✹✲✮ ✭ :
✲ ✶
P✼✶✴✸◗❃✮

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❯❱❲

❝❞❨❡❢❬❣❤❨ ❵❬
❨ ❜❨❴ ❵❬
❨ ❛❩
❳❨ ❭❬ ❨❪ ❫❨❬ ❴ :

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❧♠♥

✈♣♣ s✇ ❽❾♣♣ ④ ❿➀♣♣t✉ ➁♣♣➂➃✉ ➄♣♣❹rt✉➅➆ ⑧❼
⑨ ♣ ❶❹❻
❺❶ ⑧ ❸ ⑧ ⑩❶
⑨ ❷⑤❶ ⑧ ♦♣♣qrst✉ ✈♣♣s✇ ①②③④⑤②♣♣⑥⑦✉
➜ ➝♣♣➞➟✉ ➠♣♣➡➓➔ ⑧ ⑩
⑨ ⑧ ➄♣♣→③➃✉ ➣↔♣♣↕ ➙♣♣s✇②➛ ❸ ➎➓➔②♣♣✇➉ ➊♣♣➏ ②➐➃✉ ➑➒ ❸ ➎➊♣♣➋➌➍➉ ➇s➈③♣♣➃✉
➝④⑤ ②♣♣⑥⑦✉ ➝♣♣➋➢②➔➤t✉ ➝④⑤ ②♣♣⑥⑦✉ ➇♣♣➥✉ ②♣♣➦③r➋

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