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© 2013 Published by Center for Pulp and Paper through REPTech2012
more needed for papermaking than the locculated. The following igures 6 show the condition of
ibers surface each for short and long ibers alone and the combination of the twos. These combinations
needed because in papermaking there is always mixing of short and long ibers. The SEM picture was
taken for 1 hour incubation as the best time of surface modiication obtained from the experiments.
From the laboratory activity it was observed that the long ibers tend to agglomerate on the reactor
than the short one. This agglomeration disturbs the homogeneity of the stock when it used in papermaking.
Therefore the further investigation should be focus on
short ibers. This is in line with the development of paper industry when the using of long ibers reduces
and changes to short ibers.
4.3 Paper Sheets Evaluation
The evenly distribution of bacterial cellulose on the surface of LBKP ibers results that the increasing
trends of strength indication observed clearly. In NBKP there is only tearing strength which observed
increase. This difference inluenced to the paper properties from combination of both ibers. The trends
still observed when the proportion of LBKP is higher. Overall it can be say that from the papermaking view
point, the responds of surface modiication in LBKP is better than NBKP.
The strength development of short ibers are better than long ibers as a results of nanoibrillation effects.
The irregular strength development increase with the increasing of the long ibers content. This results lead
to further research which have to focus on short ibers, although the magnitude of long ibers strength above
short ibers. The combination of mechanical treatment reining for short ibers is possible to increase the
strength value.
Conclusions
By using SEM analysis for iber surface, modiication reveals since 1 hour incubation. The
trend pattern of strength development of incubation are observed both for short and long ibers. It is
clearly seen that the development pattern of short ibers are better than long ibers, means suitable for
papermaking. Strength development in paper sheet are luctuated at the increasing of long ibers content.
Further experiments should be done concerning the agitation speeds, temperature of incubation,
“Mill Friendly” culture media, and the possibility of combination with conventional method of ibrillation.
Acknowledgements
The Authors appreciate the Kemenristek who has inanced this research. We’d like to thanks also to
Krisna Septiningrum, Dasman Rusmana, and all the team of the research for their great contribution.
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