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thoughtful planning. ” In implementing active learning in English class, the teacher
should consider every single thing well and carefully. This was carried out in order to minimize or even avoid the unorganized English learning process in class.
Silberman 1996 added that during the implementation of active learning, the teacher is not allowed to experiment wildly. The teacher should not apply more
than one new learning activity in a week. The teacher should not also burden or overload the students with too many activities. The teacher can apply a few to
enliven the class. Furthermore, Bonwel
l and Eison added “An excellent first step is to select strategies promoting active learning that one can feel comfortable with
,” 1991. Such low-risk strategies are typically of short duration, structured and planned,
focused on subject matter that is neither too abstract nor too controversial, and familiar to both the teacher and the students.
B. Theoretical Framework
In learning a language, it is not sufficient to learn only the theory of English. Therefore, theory of language learning proposed by Bright and
McGregor is identified in this research. Since the purpose of learning English is to be able to communicate well Davies Pearse, 2000: 71, the language learners
should develop their abilities in English so that they are able to use English appropriately. This will help the students to communicate well in English.
Therefore, the students need practice. English learning process in class XF still needs improvement since the students do not actively participate during the class.
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The students do not have enough opportunity to practice their English, for the students are only listening to the lecture and receiving anything from the teacher
during English class. School
– based curriculum is the curriculum employed by SMA Bopkri I Yogyakarta. Theory of school
– based curriculum is employed to find out the characteristics and the purpose of English language learning for Senior High
School students. The curriculum is the base and the guide for all teachers to teach the students. In conducting the research, the researcher also refers to this
curriculum. Based on school – based curriculum, the students should be able to
develop their language skills. Therefore, in conducting the research, the researcher should focus on students‟ skill development and not on the information transfer.
Besides, school – based curriculum also describes the competence standards and
basic competences to be achieved by the students. The materials and indicators which are made in conducting the research should be appropriate with the
competence standards and basic competences required. In this research, the researcher identifies the theory of teaching Senior
High School students, which are categorized as adolescence, according to Harmer 2007. Theory of teaching Senior High School students is useful to identify
students‟ characteristics. This will help the English teacher to get accustomed to students‟ needs and characteristics. Therefore, the teacher should consider
teaching method which meets students‟ interest since this will affect students‟ interests in learning English.
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Students‟ participation is important in English language learning. Through participating in English class, the students will have the opportunity to practice
their language so their abilities develop. Due to the development of students‟
abilities, the goal of language learning can be reached. In an attempt to make students participate more actively, the teacher needs to implement a learning
method which allows the students to get involved during the class. Theory of students‟ participation is needed in identifying the participation of students in
class XF during English class. In this research, the researcher employs theory of students‟ participation proposed by Bonwell and Eison 1991. There are at least
four important things related to students‟ participation. Based on this theory, the researcher makes the indicators of success. The students are participating actively
in English class if all indicators are reached. Due to the low participation of the students in English class, the researcher
conducted Classroom Action Research in order to increase students‟ participation in English class. The researcher employs the theory of active learning including
what activities are included and how active learning is implemented in English class. In the implementation of active learning, the teacher will include the
students during learning process. In enabling the students to participate during English class, there are some learning strategies which can be implemented. Some
of them are class discussion, group discussion, games, and many more. Active learning covers them all.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, researcher gives description about research methodology. The things related to the methodology are research method, research participants,
research instruments, data gathering technique, data analysis technique, and research procedure.
A. Research Method
This research was conducted in order to make English learning process of class XF SMA Bopkri I Yogyakarta better. In this research, the researcher
employed Classroom Action Research CAR. According to David Nunan 1989: 2, “its aims are to solve problems, bring about change, and get things done”.
Besides, the goal of Classroom Action Research was also “to help the teacher to improve and to become a more effective teacher” Gebhard, 1999: 36. Since the
problem in Eng lish class of XF was related to students’ participation, the
researcher would implement active learning in English class and see how it improved students’ participation. It was expected that active learning method
could increase students’ participation in English class so that English learning process could run well and better.
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