40 Adding phoneme in the last of word exists in Wonorejo’s Javanese
language e.g. ‘luweh’ word. ‘luweh’ is formed from ‘luwe+h’. ‘h’ phoneme added in the last of ‘luwe’ word so that ‘luwe’ becomes luweh. ‘luweh’
means up to you but ‘luwe’ means hungry. Phoneme adding process makes the word changing and forming a new word with different forming
and meaning. The writer appendiexes phoneme adding process into table below. To make the research clear in reading the writer gives phonetic
transcription.
Phoneme adding process No kata
Penambahan fonem
Bentuk dasar
arti
1. luweh
lu:weh -h
luwe lu:wε
lapar 2.
es ak εšΛk e-
sak š
λk karung
3. mbaon
mba:on m-
baon ba:on
kebun 4.
mbonggel b
ỏŋgεl -ng
bogel b
ỏgel putus
sekolah
2. Phoneme Losing Process
There are several words which are losing a phoneme in those words. They are ‘mbandang and njanggol’ words. ‘mbandang’
mbΛndΛŋ means lost. Generally, ‘mbandang’
mbΛndΛŋ is the same as ‘mblandang’ mbla:ndΛŋ in Javanese language. This word is formed from ‘mblandang’
word. ‘mblandang’ mbla:ndΛŋ means run off. Phoneme losing in the
41 middle of ‘mblandang’ word by deleting ‘l’ becomes ‘mbandang’make
homonym expression exist in this word.
The phenomenon above also happens in ‘janggol’ word. ‘janggol’ jΛŋgόl means having eaten in someone’s ceremonial. It is formed from
‘n+janggol’. There is phoneme losing ‘n’ in front of ‘janggol’ word. So that ‘njanggol’ becomes ‘janggol’. Losing phoneme makes a new word
formation forming with different spelling and pronunciation. A new word forming also makes a new meaning.
phoneme losing process No kata
Penambahan fonem
Bentuk dasar
arti
1. mbandang
mbλndλŋ -l
mblandang Kabur 2.
janggol jλŋgỏl
-n njanggol
ənjλŋgol Meminta
makan pada
orang punya
hajat.
3. Phoneme Changing Process
Phoneme changing found by the writer on some words as follows : kudu
→kodo boso
→mboso ngukuri
→nakori grapyak
→gambyak duso
→doso bandang
→mbandang
42 Phoneme changing makes a new word forming with different spelling,
pronunciation, and meaning. The witer takes ‘kudu’ becomes ‘kodo’ as the example to make this analysis clear. ‘Kudu’
ku:θu means must and ‘kodo’ kόθo means bad-tempered. Phoneme changing makes a new meaning
different from the words before phoneme changing.
4. Phoneme Substitutions Process
There are two words having phoneme substitutions that are found by the writer in Wonorejo’s Javanese language. The words are : ‘loncang’ becomes
‘onclang’, and ‘kemekelen’ becomes ‘mekekelen’. Phoneme substitution only makes a new word forming with different spelling and pronunciation
from the word before substitution process but the same meaning. ‘Loncang’ becomes ‘onclang’. Oncl positions is subtituted ‘lonc’ in ‘loncang’ words so
that ‘loncang’ lonc Λŋ words become ‘onclang’ onclΛŋ words.
D. Dialek Asli Wonorejo
