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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
In this chapter, the researcher presents the theories that related to this research. These theories used to answer the research problems logically. There are
two parts in this chapter. The first part discusses about theoretical description. The researcher divides this theoretical review in four sections: test, vocational high
school, English teacher, lived experience. Then the second part discusses about theoretical framework. The researcher will relate the theories to the study in the
theoretical framework.
A. Theoretical Description
In this study, the researcher uses some theories that are related to the research of teacher lived experience in English computer based National
Examination. The explanation includes the discussion of Vocational High School, English teacher, test, computer based test, national examination, computer based
national examination.
1. Test
Test is a part of assessment. According to Wiggins 1998 the aim of assessment is primarily to educate and improve student performance, not merely
to audit it. So that assessment should not be the judgement for students whether they pass or fail in learning process. Assessment is based on an education model
of learning and the model cited by most authors is that Bloom 1956, whose PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
8 taxonomy is based on the hierarchy of six educational objectivities Brown, Bull,
and Race 2003. Test is prepared administrative procedures that occur at identifiable times in a curriculum when learners master all their faculties to offer
peak performance, knowing that their responses are being measured and evaluated Brown, 2004. Test is a part of assessment and the assessment is a part of
teaching. Here is a diagram of the relationship among testing, teaching, and assessment
Figure 2.1. Tests, assessment, and teaching Brown, 2004, p.5
Based on National Examination Standards Operating Procedure Year 20142015 SOP 20142015, in the English computer-based national
examination, there are 50 items, consist of 15 listening comprehension task item or 15 reading item for deaf students and 35 items of multiple choice. Time
allocation for doing the test is 120 minutes. Traditionally, computer-assisted assessment CAA has been synonymous with multiple choice questions MCQs
Heywood, 1989. So, both of CAA and pencil-paper based questions are same, because both of them use multiple choice questions. The main difference of those
method is the media pencil-paper based test uses paper and CAA uses computer.
TEACHING ASSESSMENT
TEST
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