1. Conducting Needs Analysis
In this step, the researcher conducted observation to the students and the environment of the school and conducted interview with the English teacher in the
school. The observation and interview were conducted to know characteristics of the students and to know learning environment and learning supports. The
researcher also analyzed students’ learning needs by distributing questionnaires to
the students.
2. Listing Topics, Stating Goals and Stating Learning Objectives
The process of listing topics, stating goals and stating learning objectives, were based on the result of needs analysis. Each unit of the designed materials had
a topic, goals, and learning objectives.
3. Listing Subject Content
The subject contents which were designed supported each learning objective. The subject contents were
designed by considering students’ needs and interests so that the students will be motivated to learn through interesting
contents in the materials.
4. Selecting TeachingLearning Activities and Learning Sources
Teachinglearning activities and instructional resources were selected by considering theories of multiple intelligences, characteristics of young learners,
and principles of young learners’ learning. The activities and instructional
resources were also selected based on the students’ interests.
5. Developing Syllabus
Developing syllabus was based on the Panduan Penyusunan Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. The content of the
syllabus such as standard competence and basic competence, subject content, learning activities and indicators were developed based on the result of needs
analysis.
6. Evaluating Materials
The evaluation of the materials was done by distributing questionnaires about the design. The questionnaires were distributed to the teacher of the school
and some lecturers. The questionnaires are used to obtain respondents’ opinions
and suggestions about the design. 7
. Revising Materials
The materials were revised based on the result of the questionnaires. The revision was done by revising the materials if there is something wrong in the
design and improving the materials. In order to answer second question which is what integrated English
materials based on multiple intelligence theory for the fourth grade students in SD Kristen 2 Sumberejo Klaten look like the researcher applied theories on
characteristics of young learners, principles of young learners’ learning, and multiple intelligences. These theories were the references for selecting learning
activities in the materials, selecting colors and pictures, and selecting games and songs for supporting learning process. The theoretical framework of this research
is showed in the following figure:
Figure 2.2. Theoretical Framework
Conducting needs analysis
Listing topics, stating goals, and stating learning objectives.
Listing subject content
Selecting teaching-learning activity and learning sources
Developing syllabus
Evaluating materials
Revising materials
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter discusses the method which is used to answer two problems formulated in the chapter one. This chapter consists of five parts, namely research
methods, research setting, research respondents, research instruments, and research procedures.
A. Research Method
This research applied research and development R D. Borg 1983 defines research and development as a process used to develop and validate
educational products which include materials like textbooks and also teaching method or method for organizing instruction p. 772. This research combined
qualitative and quantitative method. Qualitative method used instruments which were observation and interview. Quantitative method used instrument which were
questionnaires. Research and development had ten major steps. In this research, the
researcher did not apply these ten steps. The researcher took first five steps to conduct the research. These first five steps already presented the main steps in the
research and development namely development, field testing, and revision. The five steps are explained as follows:
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