Procedure 7: Adaptation Types of Translation Procedures. Vinay and Darbelnet 2000:99

14 “Yes, that just how it would be said.” A free modulation may at any moment become fixed as soon as it becomes frequent, or is felt to be a unique solution.

2.1.3.6 Procedure 6: Equivalence

Two texts in different language will account for the same situation by means of very different stylistic and structural devices. The change which happened in the message with this procedure is usually syntagmatic, and it affects the whole message. Most examples of this procedure belong to the phraseological repertoire of idiom, clichés, and proverbs, nominal or adjectival collocation. For example the proverbs ‘too many cooks spoil the broth’ becomes ‘deux patrons font chavirer la barque’ two skippers will capsize the boat” in French. It must be remembered, that idioms, for example as like as two peas must not be translated as Borrowing Loan Blendss or any account, for the responsibility of introducing Borrowing Loan Blendss of idiom into a language that is already perfectly organized should be the author’s choice, not the translators. There are other examples of equivalence in accounting term: Examples: account payable → hutang dagang account receivable → piutang dagang marketable security → surat berharga

2.1.3.7 Procedure 7: Adaptation

This procedure is used in cases where the situation to which the message refers does not exist at all in the target language and must thus be created by reference to a new situation, which is judged to be equivalent. For example, it is culturally normal for an English father to kiss his daughter on the mouth, but a similar action would be culturally unacceptable in a French text, and must be translated as something like ‘il serra tendrement sa fille dans ses bras’ ‘he tenderly embraced his daughter in his arms’. A refusal to make use of adaptations which are not only structural but also pertain to the presentation of idea or their arrangement in the paragraph, leads to a text that is perfectly correct but nevertheless invariably betray its status as translation by something indefinable in its tone, something that does not quite ring true. 15

2.2 Information Technology Terms

Stands for Information Technology, and is pronounced I.T. It refers to anything related to computing technology, such as networking, hardware, software, the Internet, or the people that work with these technologies. Many companies now have IT departments for managing the computers, networks, and other technical areas of their businesses. IT jobs include computer programming, network administration, computer engineering, Web development, technical support, and many other related occupations. Since we live in the information age, information technology has become a part of our everyday lives. That means the term IT, already highly overused, is here to stay. And below provided some examples related to IT terms found in the Sony Ericsson W150i’s user guidebook and being categorized in 6 categories : Term Category Adapter Hardware Alert Box Software Algorithm Software Animated GIF File Formats Antivirus Software Application Software Banner Ad Internet Binary Technical Bit Bits and Bytes Blog Internet Bounce Internet 16

CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH

In order to make this research systematically and scientifically, there would be a method which is going to be applied as the way to guarantee the validity of the data and the findings as well. Due to the fact the research method which is genuinely designed in writing this study is library research method. Library research method is defined as a method which is ultimately aimed to collect related data and theories from books, digital media, or other manuscripts. After collecting the data which is necessary to do this research, the elaboration is commenced by utilizing the method called descriptive qualitative method. Through this method this research would be able to seek, collect, classify, analyze, and draw an ultimate conclusion.

3.1 Source of Data

The data presented in this analysis are the texts from Sony Ericsson W150i Yendo Edition’s userguide. As the purpose of this analysis to find the translation procedures in this userguide book, then this research would present texts in both languages, English as the original or source language and then Bahasa Indonesia as the target language.

3.2 Data Collecting Procedure

In doing the data collecting procedure this research investigates both of the English and Bahasa Indonesia version of the user guide and the user guide e-book has been available as a hard copy directly from the Sony Ericsson online User guide site and then the writer collected them as the research data. The process of collecting all necessary data could be summarized as below: 1. Reading the complete transcript of Sony Ericsson W150i’s user guide in English SL and Bahasa Indonesia TL. 2. Dividing the text into a set of clauses. 3. Identifying words and phrases which are indicated as information technology terms. 4. Selecting some words and phrases which are indicated as information technology terms. 17 5. Listing those words and phrases which are indicated as information technology terms as the data findings and categorize the IT terms according to the procedures used to translate them from SL to TL. 3.3 Data Analysis Method As stated previously that in analyzing the data findings, this research sets a method named qualitative descriptive which can be defined as a method aimed to describe a research subject based on some data which are derived from the researched objects and this is not aimed as the examination of a particular hypothesis. Regarding that case, there are some steps which are done to complete this analysis. They are: 1. Identifying the equivalence translation of information technology terms between Source Language and Target Language in Sony Ericsson’s userguide. 2. Explaining the procedures of translation in translating information technology terms from SL to TL in Sony Ericsson’s userguide. 3. Contrasting the words and phrases of information technology terms in SL and its translation result in TL in order to figure out the procedures of translation used in it. 4. Identifying the procedures of translation used to translate information technology terms from SL to TL in Sony Ericsson’s userguide. 18

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS, DESCRIPTION AND FINDING

4.1 Data Analysis

There are a hundred and sixty two 162 information technology terms found in the Sony Ericsson W1501 guidebook. The objectives of this analysis are to figure out the procedures found in the translation of information technology term in this guidebook which is available in English and its instances translation in Bahasa Indonesia and to figure out the most dominant one. According to Vinay and Darbelnet’s theory, there are seven procedures of translation; they are borrowing, Calque, literal translation, transposition, modulation, and adaptation. The following table shows the data of economic terms taken from the selected chapters and the types of procedure which are used to translate them. Table 1: Data Identification No. Source Language Target Language Procedure 1 mobile phone telepon seluler Literal Translation 2 services layanan Literal Translation 3 features fitur Borrowing Mix Loanwords 4 service providers penyedia layanan Literal Translation 5 international emergency number nomor darurat internasional Borrowing Loan Blends 6 contact hubungi Literal Translation 7 network operator operator jaringan Borrowing Loan Blends 8 service layanan Literal Translation 9 access akses Borrowing Mix Loanwords 19 10 fees biaya Literal Translation 11 phone telepon Literal Translation 12 sim card kartu sim Borrowing Loan Blends 13 battery cover tutup baterai Borrowing Loan Blends 14 memory card kartu memori Borrowing Loan Blends 15 battery baterai Borrowing Mix Loanwords 16 connectors konektor Borrowing Mix Loanwords 17 screen layar Literal Translation 18 setup wizard panduan konfigurasi Equivalence 19 sim contacts kontak sim Borrowing Loan Blends 20 menu menu Borrowing Pure Loanwords 21 phone language bahasa telepon Literal Translation 22 scroll menggulir Literal Translation 23 import mengimpor Borrowing Mix Loanwords 24 tap ketuk Literal Translation 25 save simpan Literal Translation 26 display formats format tampilan Borrowing Loan Blends 27 phone overview ikhtisar telepon Literal Translation 28 audio Video audio video Borrowing Pure Loanwords 29 power key tombol daya Literal Translation 20 30 screen lock kunci layar Literal Translation 31 ear speaker speaker telinga Borrowing Loan Blends 32 strap hole lubang tali Literal Translation 33 connector for charger konektor untuk pengisi daya baterai Literal Translation 34 usb cable kabel usb Borrowing Loan Blends 35 touch screen layar sentuh Literal Translation 36 home key tombol utama Equivalence 37 microphone mikrofon Borrowing Mix Loanwords 38 volume key tombol volume Borrowing Loan Blends 39 camera lens lensa kamera Borrowing Loan Blends 40 speaker speaker Borrowing Pure Loanwords 41 charged terisi Literal Translation 42 phone changer pengisi baterai telepon Literal Translation 43 power adapter adaptor listrik Borrowing Loan Blends 44 power outlet stopkontak listrik Literal Translation 45 home key tombol rumah Literal Translation 46 home screen layar awal Literal Translation 47 customise menyesuaikan Literal Translation 48 application icons ikon aplikasi Borrowing Loan Blends 49 shortcuts shortcuts Borrowing Pure Loanwords 21 50 wallpaper wallpaper Borrowing Pure Loanwords 51 background latar Literal Translation 52 applications panes panel aplikasi Borrowing Loan Blends 53 quick access mengakses aplikasi telepon dengan cepat Transposition 54 flick menggeser Literal Translation 55 drag seret Literal Translation 56 browse meramban Literal Translation 57 highlight menyorot Literal Translation 58 switch sakelar Literal Translation 59 web pages halaman web Borrowing Loan Blends 60 internet internet Borrowing Pure Loanwords 61 messaging settings setelan pesan Literal Translation 62 preinstalled sudah diinstal sebelumnya Transposition 63 downloaded diunduh Literal Translation 64 inserted dimasukkan Literal Translation 65 turn on diaktifkan Transposition 66 subscription settings setelan berlangganan Literal Translation 67 menu texts teks menu Borrowing Loan Blends 68 flight mode mode terbang Borrowing Loan Blends 69 text input memasukkan teks Borrowing Loan Blends 70 multitap Ketukan ganda Equivalence 71 quick text teks cepat Borrowing Loan 22 Blends 72 display menampilkan Literal Translation 73 keypad papan tombol Transposition 74 text field kolom teks Borrowing Loan Blends 75 upper-case huruf kapital Equivalence 76 lower-case huruf kecil Equivalence 77 caps lock caps lock Borrowing Pure Loanwords 78 character key tombol karakter Borrowing Loan Blends 79 phone numbers nomor telepon Literal Translation 80 email addresses alamat email Borrowing Loan Blends 81 call log catatan panggilan Literal Translation 82 back up cadangan Equivalence 83 memory card kartu memori Borrowing Loan Blends 84 restore menyimpan kembali Transposition 85 language icon ikon bahasa Borrowing Loan Blends 86 emergency call panggilan darurat Literal Translation 87 Player Pemutar Literal Translation 88 audio books buku audio Borrowing Loan Blends 89 podcasts podcast Borrowing Pure Loanwords 90 playlists daftar main Transposition 91 install instal Borrowing Pure Loanwords 23 92 audio content konten audio Borrowing Loan Blends 93 pause menjeda Literal Translation 94 track trek Borrowing Mix Loanwords 95 player widget widget pemutar Borrowing Loan Blends 96 mini-player pemutar mini Borrowing Loan Blends 97 playback pemutaran ulang Transposition 98 copyright-protected material materi yang dilindungi hak cipta Literal Translation 99 folder map Literal Translation 100 mass storage penyimpanan massal Literal Translation 101 external disks disk eksternal Borrowing Loan Blends 102 file explorer file explorer Borrowing Pure Loanwords 103 desktop desktop Borrowing Pure Loanwords 104 double-click klik dua kali Literal Translation 105 unplug dicabut Literal Translation 106 files berkas Literal Translation 107 operating system sistem operasi komputer Literal Translation 108 fast forward memajukan Transposition 109 rewind memundurkan Literal Translation 110 photos gambar Literal Translation 111 record videos merekam video Borrowing Loan Blends 112 albums album Borrowing Pure 24 Loanwords 113 camera kamera Borrowing Mix Loanwords 114 review mode memperbesar Equivalence 115 viewfinder layar bidikan Equivalence 116 zoom memperbesar Literal Translation 117 record merekam Literal Translation 118 video camera kamera video Borrowing Loan Blends 119 ringtones nada dering Transposition 120 themes tema Borrowing Mix Loanwords 121 wallpapers wallpaper Borrowing Pure Loanwords 122 multimedia multimedia Borrowing Pure Loanwords 123 text messaging pesan teks Borrowing Loan Blends 124 received message pesan yang diterima Literal Translation 125 message thread utas pesan Literal Translation 126 emails email Borrowing Pure Loanwords 127 account account Borrowing Mix Loanwords 128 password sandi Literal Translation 129 recipients address alamat penerima Literal Translation 130 email subject subjek email Borrowing Loan Blends 131 attach lampirkan Literal Translation 132 inbox kotak masuk Transposition 25 133 bluetooth bluetooth Borrowing Pure Loanwords 134 wireless nirkabel Literal Translation 135 handsfree handsfree Borrowing Pure Loanwords 136 pair memasang Literal Translation 137 visible terlihat Literal Translation 138 status bar baris menu Equivalence 139 passcode kode akses Transposition 140 web browser peramban web Borrowing Loan Blends 141 navigate menavigasi Borrowing Mix Loanwords 142 web pages halaman web Borrowing Loan Blends 143 bookmark menandai Equivalence 144 shortcuts pintasan Literal Translation 145 windows jendela Literal Translation 146 web address halaman web Borrowing Loan Blends 147 alarms alarm Borrowing Pure Loanwords 148 tone nada Literal Translation 149 recurrence perulangan Literal Translation 150 alarm text teks alarm Borrowing Loan Blends 151 silence menonaktifkan Literal Translation 152 snooze tunda Literal Translation 153 voicemail voicemail Borrowing Pure Loanwords 26 154 callers penelepon Literal Translation