Distribusi frekuensi Pengaruh bising dengan gangguan pendengaran

HASIL OUTPUT SPSS

a. Distribusi frekuensi

lamakerja dlm tahun Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid 1-10 40 56.3 56.3 56.3 11-20 18 25.4 25.4 81.7 21-30 13 18.3 18.3 100.0 Total 71 100.0 100.0 Statistics umur responden N Valid 71 Missing Mean 2.1127 umur responden Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid 20-29 18 25.4 25.4 25.4 30-39 27 38.0 38.0 63.4 40-60 26 36.6 36.6 100.0 Total 71 100.0 100.0 Statistics lamakerja dlm tahun N Valid 71 Missing Mean 1.6197 Universitas Sumatera Utara tingkatpendidikan Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid SD 15 21.1 21.1 21.1 SMP 26 36.6 36.6 57.7 SMASMK 30 42.3 42.3 100.0 Total 71 100.0 100.0 Statistics bisng dalam dB N Valid 71 Missing Mean 1.9437 bisng dalam dB Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid 85-90 25 35.2 35.2 35.2 91-95 25 35.2 35.2 70.4 96-100 21 29.6 29.6 100.0 Total 71 100.0 100.0 Statistics tingkatpendidikan N Valid 71 Missing Mean 2.2113 Universitas Sumatera Utara asal kilang padi Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid A 25 35.2 35.2 35.2 B 25 35.2 35.2 70.4 C 21 29.6 29.6 100.0 Total 71 100.0 100.0

b. Pengaruh bising dengan gangguan pendengaran

Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. 2- sided Exact Sig. 2- sided Exact Sig. 1- sided Pearson Chi-Square 1.314 a 1 .252 Continuity Correction b .336 1 .562 Likelihood Ratio 1.085 1 .297 Fishers Exact Test .256 .256 N of Valid Cases 81 a. 1 cells 25.0 have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .99. Universitas Sumatera Utara Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. 2- sided Exact Sig. 2- sided Exact Sig. 1- sided Pearson Chi-Square 1.314 a 1 .252 Continuity Correction b .336 1 .562 Likelihood Ratio 1.085 1 .297 Fishers Exact Test .256 .256 N of Valid Cases 81 a. 1 cells 25.0 have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .99. b. Computed only for a 2x2 table Crosstab hslakhirweber Total ya tidak intensitasdlm dBA 85 dB Count 38 33 71 within hslakhirweber 95.0 80.5 87.7 of Total 46.9 40.7 87.7 85 dB Count 2 8 10 within hslakhirweber 5.0 19.5 12.3 of Total 2.5 9.9 12.3 Total Count 40 41 81 within hslakhirweber 100.0 100.0 100.0 of Total 49.4 50.6 100.0 Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. 2-sided Exact Sig. 2- sided Exact Sig. 1- sided Pearson Chi-Square 3.940 a 1 .047 Continuity Correction b 2.713 1 .100 Likelihood Ratio 4.195 1 .041 Fishers Exact Test .088 .048 Linear-by-Linear Association 3.892 1 .049 N of Valid Cases 81 a. 1 cells 25.0 have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.94. b. Computed only for a 2x2 table Universitas Sumatera Utara Crosstab x schwabach Total ya tidak intensitasdlm dBA 85 dB Count 45 26 71 within x schwabach 93.8 78.8 87.7 of Total 55.6 32.1 87.7 85 dB Count 3 7 10 within x schwabach 6.3 21.2 12.3 of Total 3.7 8.6 12.3 Total Count 48 33 81 within x schwabach 100.0 100.0 100.0 of Total 59.3 40.7 100.0 Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. 2- sided Exact Sig. 2- sided Exact Sig. 1- sided Pearson Chi-Square 4.045 a 1 .044 Continuity Correction b 2.781 1 .095 Likelihood Ratio 3.999 1 .046 Fishers Exact Test .082 .049 Linear-by-Linear Association 3.996 1 .046 N of Valid Cases 81 a. 1 cells 25.0 have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.07. b. Computed only for a 2x2 table Universitas Sumatera Utara Crosstab x bisik Total 6meter 6 meter intensitasdlm dBA 85 dB Count 40 31 71 within x bisik 90.9 83.8 87.7 of Total 49.4 38.3 87.7 85 dB Count 4 6 10 within x bisik 9.1 16.2 12.3 of Total 4.9 7.4 12.3 Total Count 44 37 81 within x bisik 100.0 100.0 100.0 of Total 54.3 45.7 100.0 Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. 2- sided Exact Sig. 2- sided Exact Sig. 1- sided Pearson Chi-Square .943 a 1 .332 Continuity Correction b .399 1 .527 Likelihood Ratio .941 1 .332 Fishers Exact Test .500 .263 Linear-by-Linear Association .931 1 .335 N of Valid Cases 81 a. 1 cells 25.0 have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.57. b. Computed only for a 2x2 table Universitas Sumatera Utara DAFTAR PUSTAKA Alberti, P.W. 2000. The Pathophysiology of the Ear. Available from: http:www.who.intoccupational_health publicationsnoise3.pdf. Annie ,Y. 2003. Bising Bisa Timbulkan Tinnitus dan Tuli ; in Diagram Diagnostik,THT,vol 1 [Accessed 16 March 2011]. p.57 EGC, Jakarta. Buchari,2007.Kebisingan.Availablefrom:http:repository.usu.ac.idbitstream123456789143 5107002749. Chandra. 2007. Pengaruh suara bising pada pendengaran karyawan pabrik gula Sei Semayang di kabupaten Deli Serdang. Skripsi . Bagian THT FK USU. [Accessed 04 january 2011]. Departemen Kesehatan Republk Indonesia, 2004. Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan RI Nomor 128MENKESSKII2004 ttg Kebijakan Dasar Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jakarta. Dolle., Lesie. 1993. Akustika Lingkungan, vol. 2, p.120 Erlangga, Jakarta. Dwi, P., Sasongko. 2000. Kebisingan Lingkungan. Semarang : Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro. Gabriel, J.F. 1988. Bunyi; in Fisika Kedokteran, vol. 3, p.69-75 EGC, Jakarta. Guyton, A.C., dan Hall, J.E. 2007. The Sense of Hearing Dalam: Textbook of Medical Physiology. 11th ed. India: Saunders Elsevier: 651-662 EGC, Jakarta. Hogg, M, A., Vaughan, GM. 2002. Social Psychology. Harlow : Prentice Hall. Iskandar,N. 1991. Segi Praktis Ilmu Penyakit Telinga-Hidung-Tenggorok, vol. 4, p.230-235 Jakarta: Binarupa Aksara. Jenny, B., Soetirto, I . 1990.Tuli Koklea dan Tuli Retrokoklea. Dalam: Soepardi EA, Iskandar N, Ed. Buku ajar ilmu penyakit THT. Edisi ke-3. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FK UI. h.23-29. Keputusan Menteri Tenaga Kerja Nomor : Kep 51. MEN1999. Tentang Nilai Ambang Batas Faktor Fisika di Tempat Kerja, 1999. Jakarta : Departemen Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi RI. Universitas Sumatera Utara Harold, L. 1996. Petunjuk Penting Pada Penyakit Telinga, Hidung, Tenggorokan, Jakarta:Hipokrates. Lusianawaty, T. 1998. Gangguan Pendengaran Akibat Bising pada Tenaga Kerja di Perusahaan Plywood PT X. Tesis. Jakarta. Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup, 1996. Baku Tingkat Kebisingan, Surat Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor : Kep-48MENLH199625 November 1996, Jakarta : Meneg LH. Notoatmodjo, S. 2003. Pengantar Pendidikan dan Perilaku Kesehatan. Jakarta : PT. Rineka Cipta Sastroasmoro, S., dan Ismael, S. 2008. Perkiraan Besar Sampel. Dalam: Dasar-dasar Metodologi Penelitian Klinis. 3rd ed. Jakarta: Sagung Seto: 133. Sundari. 1994. Hubungan Pemajanan Bising dengan Ambang Pendengaran Tenaga Kerja di Bagian Peleburan dan Pengontrolan Besi Baja PT. B. D, Jakarta : PT. B. D. Sherwood, L., 2002. Hearing and Equilibrium. Dalam: Human Physiology from Cells to Systems. 6th ed. Australia: Thomson BrooksCole: 208-217. Soetirto, I. 1990. Tuli akibat bising Noise induced hearing loss. Dalam: Soepardi EA, Iskandar N, Ed. Buku ajar ilmu penyakit THT. Edisi ke-3. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FK UI.h.37-9. World Health Organization, 2010. Deafness and Hearing Impairment. Available from: http:www.who.intmediacentrefactsheetsfs300enindexhtml . [Akses 13 Juni 2011]. World Health Organization, 2006. Deafness and Hearing Impairment. Diunduh dari: http:www.who.intmediacentrefactsheetsfs300en . Yunita, A. 2003.Gangguan Pendengaran Akibat Bising.; skripsi Telinga Hidung Tenggorokan. [Accessed 16 August 2011]. Universitas Sumatera Utara

BAB 3 KERANGKA KONSEP PENELITIAN DAN DEFENISI OPERASIONAL

3.1. Kerangka Konsep Penelitian Berdasarkan tujuan penelitian di atas maka kerangka konsep yang dipakai pada penelitian ini adalah : Gambar 3.1 Kerangka konsep

3.2. Definisi Operasional Variabel