2.2. Coastal Region Master Zoning and Planning
Zone is a region that has similar characteristics of physic, biology, ecology, and economic, that are determined by criteria selected Haris, 2003.
Coastal and marine zoning are allocating some of coastal and marine regions that have similar characteristics and requirements into suitability zones for its purpose,
so protection or uses of coastal and marine regions can be controlled. This zoning is created to make harmonious space, meaning that coastal and marine regions
should not be for development area only, but also should provide zone for preservation and conservation.
Coastal and marine zones must focus and consider some aspects; suitability area
to support productivity or behavior of life; government policy related with land authority and development priority; current land-use pattern,
that means allocating legal land-use or existing of traditional pattern; and local culture.
Therefore coastal and marine zoning needs to identify regions that have similar characteristics and requirements of its uses to determine sustainable
natural resources management planning. The making of coastal and marine zones is one of alternatives to achieve
sustainable coastal and marine management by divided coastal land-uses in to some zones, such as: preservation zone, there are no exploration activities except
research, but still possible to developed by observing sustainable development requirements Odum, 1989. Buffer cultivation zone, is a zone decided as main
function for cultivation of natural resources, human, and artificial resources potencies. That region part has cultivation function dominated by settlement and
working activities considering the environment caring capacity Sugandhy,
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1993. Uses zone, every activities can be performed by considering of the spatial rules to avoid overlaying between activities and coastal and marine development.
Arranging and management of coastal and marine space that followed by government rules.
Based on coastal zone classification that has already been done by Soedharma et al 1992, this research will divide coastal and marine zones into 4
parts, they are: preservation zone, conservation, buffer cultivation zone, and uses zone related with suitability zone, which distribution of zone based on output
map scale 1 : 50.000. Master plan is physical environment in one region that has functional
relationship with some space elements that include natural resources, artificial resources, human with their activities such as: politic, economic, socio-culture and
safety and defense aspects Kartasasmita, 1996. Coastal master plan can be performed by classifying land uses into
homogenous units considering similarity of physic, biotic, socio, culture, economic, defense and safety ascpects Dahuri et al, 1996. Coastal master
planning have been attempted optimally and efficiently for space arrangement for human life, such as; local sector development, and society to achieve prosperous
collectively Martopo, 1987. Master plan on coastal ecosystem is more complex than master plan on the
land, because a it should consider all aspects that interact each other both in land and marine ecosystems, b marine and land aspects are unable to be separated
physically, because both ecosystems interact each other, c Landform geomorphology of coastal ecosystem is easier to change rather than landform of
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land ecosystem, as it is a dynamic interaction between land and marine Dahuri, 1997.
2.3. Development of Marine and Coastal Resources
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