Synesthetic Sound Symbolism Sound Symbolism Found in Play Songs

51 Table 4.8 Phonesthemic Sounds and Their Meaning of Conventional Sound Symbolic Words in Play Songs No. Sound Symbolism Category Phonesthemic Sound Meaning Frequency Example 1. Conventional b- dull impact 2 belly kr- slow movement 2 creep noisy impact 2 crow fl- phenomena of movement 2 flick movement in air 1 fly 2 dimensional 1 flat gr- sudden, rough seize 1 grab n- 3 dimensional 1 knot sn- creep 1 snail breath-noise 1 snuff sp- cylindrical 1 spin sp-t rush of liquid 1 spout st- 1 dimensional 1 stick tr- liquid 1 trickle tw- twisting motion 2 twirl - ɪŋk eye movement 1 wink ŋkəl small lines or folds 1 wrinkle Table 4.8 contains thirteen phonesthemic sounds which appeared in 22 sound symbolic words of conventional category only. The phonestemic sound fl- owned the most meanings, namely to refer to the phenomena of movement such as flick Bolinger, 1950, as cited in Abelin , 1999, p. 32, movement in the air such as fly Bloomfield, 1933, as cited in Abelin, 1999, p. 32, and two- dimensional level such as flat Rhodes, 1994, as cited in Abelin, 1999, p. 32. The function of each conventional sound symbolic word in Table 4.8 is presented in Appendix G. 52 Table 4.9 Phonesthemic Sounds and Their Meaning of Sound Symbolic Words of Combined Categories in Play Songs No. Sound Symbolism Category Phonesthemic Sound Meaning Frequency Word Example 1. Conventional Imitative b- abrupt, loud onset 1 bark dull impact 2 bounce - ɪŋk eye movement 1 blink t ʃ- short 1 chirp kl- abrupt onset 2 clap kr- noisy impact 1 croak fl- phenomena of movement 1 flap movement in air 1 flutter gr- low, guttural sound 2 growl p- abrupt onset 1 pop - ɛt particled movement 1 rattle r- irregular onset 1 roar sn- quick separation or movement 1 snap - ɛš violent movement 1 splash sw- to and fro movement 3 sway -omp clumsy 1 thump w- back and forth 3 wag 2. Conventional Synesthetic i diminutive 1 itsy bitsy The phonesthemic sounds displayed in Table 4.9 were three words more than the sounds presented in Table 4.8. Totally, there were sixteen phonesthemes in 25 sound symbolic words of combined category. In detail, there were 24 conventional-imitative sound symbolic words containing fifteen phonesthemic sounds, whereas only one conventional-synesthetic sound symbolic word which contains one phonesthemes, namely diminutives Bolinger, 1950, as cited in