29 7.
Writing the thesis The last stage was to write all stages done by the researcher during
conducting this research in detail.
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CHAPTER IV RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In this chapter, the result of this research is presented along with its in- depth discussion, responding to the research purpose stated in the previous
chapter, namely to analyze sound symbolism found in lullabies and play songs. On that account, there are two sections containing the analysis of sound symbolic
words found in lullabies and play songs.
A. Sound Symbolism Found in Lullabies
Referring to the four categories of sound symbolism theory stated by Hinton et al. 1994, the researcher discovered three categories lullabies, namely
imitative sound symbolism, synesthetic sound symbolism, and conventional sound symbolism, while there was no word containing corporeal sound symbolism in
this kind of English children song. The total of sound symbolic words was fifteen words. The percentage of those words was 20 imitative sound symbolic words,
40 conventional sound symbolic words, and 40 sound symbolic words of combined categories consisting of 26.67 imitative-conventional sound symbolic
words and 13.33 synesthetic sound symbolic words. Those percentages can be clearly understood by seeing Table 4.1.
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Table 4.1 Percentage of Sound Symbolism Categories in Lullabies No.
Sound Symbolism Category
Percentage Example
1.
Corporeal -
2.
Imitative 20
twinkle
3.
Synesthetic -
4.
Conventional 40
fly
5.
Combination -
Imitative Conventional -
Synesthetic Conventional 26.67
13.33 flutter
wee
In detail, the fifteen sound symbolic words consisted of three imitative sound symbolic words, six conventional sound symbolic words, and six sound
symbolic words of combined categories. The last mentioned sound symbolic words were derived from four imitative-conventional sound symbolic words and
two synesthetic-conventional sound symbolic words. To make this detailed information perfectly understandable, the obtained numbers are illustrated in
Figure 4.1.
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Figure 4.1 Classification of Sound Symbolic Words in Lullabies
To obtain more in-depth analyses of the general findings, the researcher put this section into three subsections, i.e. imitative sound symbolism, synesthetic
sound symbolism, and conventional sound symbolism, each of which contains several examples and their explanation.
1. Imitative Sound Symbolism
According to Hinton et al. 1994, p. 3, a word or phrase can be put in this category if it contains onomatopoeia which means it represents sounds or noises
found in the environment. In this research, there were seven words indicating this sound symbolism category; they were three words of imitative sound symbolism
only and four words of imitate-conventional sound symbolism.
Imitative Synesthetic
Conventional 3
6 2
4
