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9 Hold visiting
Visiting was not appropriate to replace visit as a noun. Furthermore, hold visiting could not replace mengadakan kunjungan since it had different meaning
from pay a visit. 10
Helds visiting Visiting was not appropriate to replace visit as a noun. Besides, hold
visiting could not replace mengadakan kunjungan since it had different meaning from pay a visit.
11 Establish visitation
Visitation meant kunjungan but it was not appropriate to replace visit in the test.
h. The Errors that the Participants Made in Translating menyampaikan
berita were shown as follows.
1 Give…
Give was a verb. Therefore, it needed a noun to make a verb plus verbal noun collocation.
2 State news
News did not collocate with state. News collocated with deliver and convey.
3 Said…
Said was a verb. Therefore, it needed a noun to make a verb plus verbal noun collocation.
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4 Brought news
News did not collocate with brought. News collocated with deliver and convey.
5 Lives in news
Live in news did not belong to verb plus verbal noun since the verb needed a preposition before the noun. Besides, news did not collocate with lives. News
collocated with deliver and convey. 6
Release news News did not collocate with release. News collocated with deliver and
convey. 7
Extend news News did not collocate with extend. News collocated with deliver and
convey. 8
Post news News did not collocate with post. News collocated with deliver and
convey. 9
Broadcast Broadcast was a verb. Therefore, it needed a noun to make a verb plus
verbal noun collocation. 10
Says news News did not collocate with say. News collocated with deliver and convey.
11 Sprout news
News did not collocate with say. News collocated with deliver and convey.
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12 Reported
Reported was a verb. Therefore, it needed a noun to make a verb plus verbal noun collocation.
13 Wave a hand
Wave a hand had to be the students’ error in writing verb plus verbal noun collocation.
i. The Errors that the Participants Made in Translating membawa
kesengsaraan were shown as follows.
1 Give sadness
Give sadness had different meaning from membawa kesengsaraan since sadness meant kesedihan not kesengsaraan.
2 Brings disaster
Bring disaster had different meaning from membawa kesengsaraan since disaster meant bencana not kesengsaraan.
3 Welcoming misery
Misery did not collocate with welcoming. It collocated with bring, cause, and create. Besides, the use of word welcoming was not appropriate applied in the
sentence. 4
Bring calamity Bring calamity had different meaning from membawa kesengsaraan since
calamity meant bencana not kesengsaraan.
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5 Leads misery
Misery did not collocate with lead. It collocated with bring, cause, and create.
6 Lend misery
Misery did not collocate with lend. It collocated with bring, cause, and create.
7 Stimulate poverty
Stimulate poverty had different meaning from membawa kesengsaraan since poverty meant kemiskinan not kesengsaraan.
8 Brings difficulties
Bring difficulties had different meaning from membawa kesengsaraan since difficulties meant when something was not easy to do.
9 Lead to suffer
Lead to suffer had different meaning from membawa kesengsaraan since it meant menunjukkan kepada penderitaan.
j. The Errors that the Participants Made in memupuskan rencana were
