From the definition above, it means that how the way the teacher measurers the language skill of the students by doing something depends on the
curriculum and subject. According to Penny 1996:35 stated that the curriculum is a package and rules about the goal, content, material for teaching and some
ways that are used as a basic of the teacher to make lesson and syllabus. It can be concluded that curriculum relates to the teaching learning process. In curriculum,
the contents are needed to decide before teaching learning process. Once content has been selected it then needs to be organized into teachable and learnable units
as well as arranged in a rational sequence. Giving the task means giving the instruction. The way teachers
communicate to students, the manner in which they interact is crucial to both successful learning and teaching. Perhaps the most important point that
determines how successfully students will learn is the way instructions are formulated and sometimes these things that determine a good teacher in the
teaching learning process. Therefore, the teacher‟s directions relating to academic activity and behavior are clear, precise and effective. It goes without saying that
the best activity in the world will turn into a disappointing failure if students don‟t
understand the instructions.
2.2.2 Concept of Approach, Method, and Technique in English
Teaching
Edward M. Antony in Richard and Rodgers 1986 identified three levels of conceptualization and organization. Which he termed approach, method, and
technique Approach refers to theories about the nature of language and language
learning that serves as the source of practices and principles in language teaching. Anthony cited in Richards and Rodgers, 1986:16
Method is the level at which theory is put into practice, and at which choices are made about the particular skills to be taught, the content to be taught,
and the order rule in which the content will be taught. The methods used in second and foreign language teaching, such as: grammar translation method, the
direct method, the audio lingual method, the silent way, situational language teaching method, communicative language teaching, and the total physical
response method Anthony cited Richards and Rodgers, 1986: 15. A technique is implementation, which actually takes place in a classroom.
It is particular trick, stratagem, or contrivance used to accomplish an immediate objective. Technique must be consistent with a method, and therefore in harmony
with an approach as well. Anthony cited in Richard and Rodgers, 1986:15. According to Hammer 1983:5 he suggested a method of teaching
language to students should takes advantage in their communication style by employing teaching techniques which stress on the visual, the physical, arid the
active as much as possible. It is also important to set a technique and establish an environment when the student can smell, taste, touch, manipulate, work, fell, and
see. The student need constant changer activity, they need to be involved in something active, they will usually not sit and listen and they need to be
appreciated by the teacher who is important figure for them. In relation on this, numerous techniques are appropriate the students who may be physically oriented.
Program materials that are used by machines may be one of them.
2.3 Theoretical Framework
Every research should be supported by significant theory, purpose by some experts in the field of English learning. The theories were taken from Jack
C. Richards and Theodore S. Rodgers 1986. They state that method is an umbrella term for the specification and interrelation of theory and practice.
Further, method is theoretically related to an approach, is organizationally determined by design, and is practically realized in procedure as same as they
pointed in their book. Meanwhile the approach refers to theories that explain about nature of language and language learning which is servers as the source of
practice and principles in language teaching Richard and Rodgers, 1986:16.
2.3.1 Approaches in Language Teaching
Approach is the one of the important element in improving the quality of language teaching. The approach describes how a language is used, and how its
constituent part interlocks. In other word, it offers a model of language competence. An approach is axiomatic. It means, the approach describes the
