Methods of Language Teaching
2.3.2.2 Grammar Translation Method
This method is way studying languages that approach the language first through detailed analysis of its grammar rules, followed by application of his
knowledge to be task of translating sentences and texts into and out of the target language Richards and Rodgers, 1986:3. It is simply a combination of activities
of teaching grammar and translation. The teaching begins with English rules, isolated vocabulary items, paradigms, and translation. The teacher explains the
rules in student‟s first language and then put the sample into the slot of grammatical rules. The grammar rules are memorized as units. The teacher
provides the class with other words and translation. Then, the students practice using the rule by using the word provided. The texts usually are translated in
classics; this type of texts is used to have the students practice understanding the literature in the target language.
2.3.2.3 Audio-lingual Method
In this method, the teacher‟s role in central and active; it is a teacher who dominated method. Tape recorder and audiovisual equipment often have central
role in Audio-lingual Method. The types of learning and teaching activities within this method are mostly
using dialogue and drills. The students play a reactive role by responding the stimuli and by listening to the teacher, imitating accurately, and responding to and
performing controlled task they are listening a new form of verbal behavior. Whereas, in this method, the teacher roles is central and active, in which the
teachers models the target language, control the direction and pace of learning, and monitors and corrects the learners performance.
2.3.2.4 Total Physical Response
The idea of focusing on listening comprehension during early foreign language instruction comes from observing how children acquire their mother
tongue. The teacher helps the students to understand her by using pictures and occasional words in the students‟ native language and by being as expressive as
possible. 2.3.2.5
Communicative Language Teaching The method makes the use of the languages as social usage. It means that
through the communicative method language is managed to be used actively. The teacher should know the procedure of teaching in the classroom. It makes the
teaching and learning process more effective.