Sub Unit of Washing Tank
- Arranging polybag : minimum 18 holes per polybag - Stem cutting : mixed media is put into polybag and then arranged 10 lines laid
length wise Seedling can be carried out in polybag plastic, beds, nursery, or planted
directly in the field. Planted directly in the soil is more practical and cheaper cost. A tissue culture technique is also possible. If stem cutting method is used, select
woody branch or stem. For seed technique, use enough ripe seed which usually has black color. The length period in nursery is 2 to 3 months. Activities
conducted during seedling include watering every day : 2 times i.e. morning and afternoon, weeding, and selection. Nursery in an area of 1 ha can accommodate
112,500 seeds, assuming that the percentage of seedlings growing is about 88 percent, it will produce 100,000 seedlings that are ready to be distributed at the
age of 6 months. Number of those seeds is enough to meet the needs of approximately 40 ha with a population of 2,500 treesha. The steps in the
preparation of the seed are as follows Ferry, 2009: -The used seed must be produced from certified seed
- Seed is soaked first for 24 hours, then sowing in polybags with immersing the
embryo as deep as 2 cm and then covered with fine soil - After seedling, the seed should be watering immediately
- When using stem cuttings, select the cuttings with a diameter of 1.5 - 22.5 cm, and length 40 cm, with grayish skin color
- Before the stem cuttings are planted, the plant medium in polybag is watered first
- The stem cutting is planted as deep as 15 cm in the middle of polybag. - Plant material: The plant material or seed parent should come from the parent
garden. If no parent gardens, seeds and stem cuttings can be obtained by selecting the available crop populations, with the following requirements: 1 the
age is more than 5 years with a uniform growth, 2 plant population is free from pests and disease 3 From these selected populations, choose plants that have
bunches of flowers, young fruit bunch, ripe fruit bunches and dried fruit bunches on one branch, and 4 the productivity is higher than 2 kg of dry seeds per plant
per year or equivalent to higher than 5 tons of dried seed per hectare per year.
- Seed: In the optimal environment conditions, jathropacan produce fruit throughout the year, with a peak harvest period 3 times a year. In such
conditions it can be found 4 level generative stadia on the branches i.e. flowers, young fruit, old fruit, and dried fruit. For seedling purpose, seed should be
obtained from yellow fruit at harvest, dried and then temperate in shaded place. The fruit from this seed will have shiny black color and has 1500 seed per kg.
Seed germination is carried out by immersing selected seeds for 1 night. After that, the seeds are put into sand medium that will be germinated in 1-7 days. The
seed can be moved into polybag after 1-2 weeks germination by drowning the seed as deep as 10-15 cm inside the polybag. The seed can also be directly
germinated in the polybag or in the field.
- Stem cutting: Plant material should be selected from the woody branches or stem 1 year old which is characterized by grayish green color, length 40-50 cm and
diameter 1.5 – 2.5 cm. Put the cutting as deep as 15 cm inside the polybag.
- Nursery location: Nurseries should be located in the open area so that the sun is not obstructed in and close to the planting area to save time and cost. To ensure
the availability of water for watering purpose, the location should also near to water sources. Once the area is cleared from shrubs or tree logging, the nursery
area is leveled and makes ditches to avoid puddles. Bamboo fences needs to be made to avoid disruption of livestock, such as goats or chickens.
- Media preparation: nursery media is filled with soil mixed with manure and husk rice 1:1:1. The polybag size is 25 cm x 15 cm and provided with 18 holes. Soil
should be sifted before mixed with manure and husk rice.
Seed Preservation
Seed preservation includes: watering, weed control and pest control. This activity is carried out until the seeds 1.5 up to 2.0 months. Watering should be
done every day, unless it rains. Removing of pests and diseases is carried out as needed. Pests that are commonly found in nurseries are snails, grass hoppers and
termites. Weaning seedlings from stem cutting is conducted after 4 weeks by grouping plants by height large plants, while the seed weaning is conducted after
6 weeks. Seeds from stem cutting or seed can be transferred to the field after ± 2 months.