Milling Stage Biodiesel Production Stage

Figure 3.21 Flow diagram of biodiesel process production in BRDST BPPT Puspitek Serpong 2, T- 03 M steam Methanol Storage Drum Catalyst Drum T - 01 T - 05 ef f luent 14 steam f ine f iltration Vacuum Dryer Tank Washing Tank T - 04 Mixing Tank NaOH Methanol Mixing Tank 4 OIL Heater Tank T -02 Steam Filter Reaktor 6 7 T - 06 12 11 9 15 F - 02 Biodiesel Storage 5 Methanol Storage Drain 13 Vacuum Dryer E-03 Ef f luen Fresh Feed Methanol 1 Steam Water T - 07 Akumulator E-02 P-01 P-03 P-02 P-04 P-05 P-06 P-07 F - 01 3 V-02 V-01 V-03 V-04 V-07 V-08 V-09 V-10 V-09 V-11 V-12 V-13 V-14 V-15 V-17 V-16 58

6. Sub Unit of Transesterification 2

This sub unit is used to react triglyceride with methanol to produce methyl ester biodiesel using KOH catalyst Figure 3.22. Figure 3.22 Sub unit of transesterification 2 The input on line number 16 is: methyl ester, FFA, triglyceride, methanol, KOH catalyst, glycerol, water and dirt. The input on line number 17 is: methanol, KOH catalyst, and water. While the output on line number 18 is: methyl ester, FFA, triglyceride, methanol, KOH catalyst, glycerol, water and dirt.

7. Sub Unit of Centrifuge 3

This sub unit is used to separate methyl ester from glycerol, water, dirt and catalyst Figure 3.23. Figure 3.23 Sub unit of centrifuge 3 The input on line number 18 is: methyl ester, FFA, triglyceride, methanol, KOH catalyst, glycerol, water, and dirt. While the output on line number 19 is: methanol, KOH catalyst, and water; the output on line number 20 is: methyl ester, FFA, triglyceride, methanol, KOH catalyst, glycerol, water and dirt.

8. Sub Unit of Washing Tank

This sub unit is used to remove residual methanol and catalyst dissolved in methyl ester Figure 3.24. The input on line number 20 is: methyl ester, FFA, triglyceride, methanol, KOH catalyst, glycerol, water, and dirt, the input on line number 21 is: water. While the output on line number 22 is: methyl esters, FFA, triglyceride, methanol, KOH catalyst, glycerol, water, and dirt. 3 water KOH FFA Triglyceride water dirt CH 3 17 16 18 Methyl ester Glycerol KOH OH OH OH 18 19 20 water KOH Glycerol FFA Triglyceride water dirt CH 3 OH Methyl ester Glycerol KOH CH methyl ester FFA Triglyceride water dirt 3 Glycerol KOH CH FFA Methyl ester Triglyceride water dirt 3 OH Glycerol KOH CH Figure 3.24 Sub unit of washing tank

9. Sub Unit of Dekanter

This sub unit is used to separate methyl ester from water, the remaining methanol, catalyst, and glycerol Figure 3.25. The input on line number 22 is : methyl ester, FFA, triglyceride, methanol, KOH catalyst, glycerol, water, and dirt. While the output on line number 23 is : Water, Methanol, KOH catalyst, glycerol, and dirt. The output on line number 24 is: methyl esters, FFA, triglycerides, methanol, KOH catalyst, glycerol, and water. Figure 3.25 Sub unit of decanter

10. Sub Unit of Evaporator

This subunit is used to eliminate water content and remaining methanol in methyl ester Figure 3.26. Figure 3.26 Sub unit of evaporator The input on line number 24 is: methyl ester, FFA, triglyceride, methanol, KOH catalyst, glycerol, water, and dirt. While the output on line number 25 20 22 21 water FFA Triglyceride water dirt CH 3 OH Methy ester Glycerol KOH 23 24 water KOH Glycerol FFA Triglyceride water CH 3 OH Methyl ester Glycerol KOH CH 3 OH dirt 22 FFA Triglyceride water dirt CH 3 OH 25 24 26 Methyl ester Glycerol KOH CH 3 OH water methyl ester FFA Triglyceride dirt water OH 3 Glycerol KOH CH Methyl ester FFA Triglyceride water dirt OH 3 CH Glycerol KOH FFA Methyl ester Triglyceride dirt OH 3 CH Glycerol KOH water