Sub Unit of Distillation Tray

planting hole should be concaveto hold much water in the rainy season. In wet climate, the surface of the planting hole should be elevated or form gulud shaped to avoid the puddles that can cause drainage and poor soil aeration. Back up seedling as much as 20 500 seedings should be prepared for replanting. Pruning Jatropha curcas is planted as a fence cropor estate crop which should be pruned periodically for maximal branching. Pruning is carried out to increase the number of productive branches. More branches on jatropha will produce more seeds. In order to increase the number of branches, pruning can be conducted in 25 days. Pruning is done by cutting the plant shoots as high as 20-30 cm from the ground, leaving at least 2 leaves on the rest of the trunk. Pruning is done on the woody trunk grayish brown. On the cut trunk, new branches will grow and should be maintained. The quantity and quality of bunches that will appear in each branch is influenced by the level of soil fertility. Thinning also needs to be done to reduce the occurrence of competition among plants that can essentially be used as a source of seeds or stem cuttings. Pruning and thinning should be carried out periodically. Data planting of Jatropha curcas in 6 ha in PT. Adaro-Tanjung Banjarmasin is as follows: - Location : S2 - Planting Year : 2010 - Planting distance : 2 m x 2 m - Variety : IP - 1P - Number of plants : 3,438 trees - Fertilizer dose i.e. : 10 g of NPKtree during planting, and ½ kg of manuretree In the process of plant preservation, in order to provide fertile land for good Jatropha curcas growth, some weeds should be planted also during hydro seeding as shown in Figure 3.33. Figure 3.34 shows some pictures of Jatropha curcas plants aged about 1.5 years in PT Adaro.

4. Fertilization Stage

Fertilizeris principally applied to increase the availability of nutrients for plants. The type and dosage of fertilizer are adapted to the required soil fertility. Dose of fertilizer for plants per ha: 80 kg of N, 18 kg of P 2 O 5 , 32 kg of K 2 O, 12 kg of CaO and 10 kg of MgO. N fertilizeris applied at the time of planting and 28 days after planting DAP, while P, K, Ca and Mg fertilizer are given at the time of planting. Organic fertilizer application is recommended to improve soil structure. Other material that can be used as a substitute and companion of compost fertilizer is residual yield of jatropha extraction. The use of this material aims to reduce the cost of fertilizer. Fertilizer dose is shown in Table 3.10. Fertilization can be done as many as two times a year at the beginning of rainy season and the end of rainy season. Plants need organic fertilizercompost, N, P and K in order to obtain maximum result. Mikoryza bacterial can help the growth of plants on land with limited content of phosphate. If oil experiences nitrogen deficiency, flower will fall and the seed production will be disrupted. Table 3.10 Jatropha fertilizer dosage grtreeyear Year- Urea SP-36 KCl 1 2 x 20 2 x 20 2 x 20 2 2 x 40 2 x 30 2 x 30 3 2 x 60 2 x 50 2 x 40 4 2 x 100 2 x 75 2 x 60 =5 2 x 150 2 x 100 2 x 80 Figure 3.33 Weeds planted in Jatropha curcas area Figure 3.34 Existing Jatropha curcas plantation in PT Adaro Fertilizer application is carried out as follows: - Make a small trench around the plant as far as ¾ crown with a depth of about 3-5 cm. - Prepared fertilizers are sown or inserted into the ditch. Ditch is then covered with soil and compacted.