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D. Data Collecting Technique
To get reliable data, the researcher collected the data by using teknik simak and catat proposed by Sudaryanto. Sudaryanto 1993:133 argues that collecting
data can be carried out through metode simak which consists of several basic techniques, namely sadap, libat, cakap, simak bebas libat cakap, rekam and catat.
However, not all these technique were used in the study. The techniques used in this research was simak bebas and catat. Simak is watching and reading while
Catat is taking note. So, it can be said that this technique focuses on watching and reading and then taking note on the important points needed for further steps.
To collect the data, the researcher read and reread the novel entitled To Kill A Mockingbird and took notes on the utterances that contain politeness
strategies. The utterances taken as the data were those that happened during the trial in the courtroom in the novel. Second, the data was reread and classified into
four types of politeness strategies as described in Chapter II and then wrote the data down on the research instrument table as described in the point C of this
chapter. Third, the data were classified according to the politeness strategies, and fourth, the data were prepared the data for the next step, that was analysis.
E. Data Analysis Technique
After collecting the data from the novel, the data were analyzed. There were some activities in analyzing the data. Firstly, utterances containing
politeness strategies were classified based on Br own and Levinson‟s politeness
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strategies. Secondly, the classified data were explored further based on the types of politeness strategy. Next, the data were interpreted based on Brown and
Levinson‟s and also Watt‟s politeness strategies. They were classified into bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off record.
Then, the researcher discussed how the main character in the novel used the politeness strategies. Finally, conclusion was drawn.
F. Trustworthiness
The data is conducted to establish the credibility and the consistency of the data used as suggested by Moleong 2001: 173.
The credibility aimed to show the degree of credibility from the research finding. The data being observed in detail so the data could be regarded credible.
The data was read and reread carefully and comprehensively until she got certainty that the data were in accordance to the researcher question. Triangulation
techniques would be used to obtain the trustworthiness. According to Burns 1999: 164, There are four types of triangulation
technique: by sources, by methods, by researchers or observers, and and by theories. Therefore in gaining the trustworthiness, the triangulation was
conducted. In doing this, the researcher consulted her research continually with lecturers who are experts in this field. Besides, the triangulation of data also
conducted by having peer discussions and checking the data for several times to ensure their accuracy. The peer editors were Fitria Nur Kiswandari and Rr.
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