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he defended a black man in a criminal case. The researcher did not analyze prejudice or politeness other than in the courtroom done by Atticus.
B. Conceptual Framework
The study deals with the politeness strategy used by Atticus, the main character, in the courtroom. This study particularly is aimed at observing and
analyzing the use of politeness strategies which are produced by the main character in
Lee‟s To Kill A Mockingbird during the trial. To conduct the study, the writer uses politeness strategies model
proposed by Brown and Levinson and Watt in order to be able to answer the first research question stated in chapter one: what politeness strategies are used by the
main character in Lee‟s To Kill A Mockingbird ? To apply the theory, the writer
classified the utterances into four kinds of politeness strategies, namely Bald on Record, Positive Politeness, Negative Politeness, and Off Record. Next, to get
more detailed result, each categorization will be divided again into the points under each politeness strategy sub headings. To make the conceptual framework
clear, the researcher presents it in the diagram as follows:
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Figure 2: Analytical Construct
Context
Lee‟s To Kill A Mockingbird
1. Bald on Record 2. Positive Politeness
3. Negative Politeness 4. Off Record
Politeness Strategy
PRAGMATICS
Speech Acts Implicature
Deixis Cooperative Principle
Politeness
Politeness Principles
A Pragmatic Analysis of Politeness in Court Represented by the Main Character in Lee‟s To Kill A Mockingbird
1 To show great
urgency, efficiency and
task orientation.
2 To show little or
no desire to maintain
someones face.
3 Do the FTA in
the interest of the hearer
4 Welcome
5 Offers something 1 Notice, exaggerate
and intensify H‟s interest, sympathy,
wants, and approval 2 Seek agreement in
safe topics, avoid disagreement and use
joke to put the hearer at ease
3 Assert knowledge of, reciprocal exchange,
common ground, use in group identity, and
concern for hearer‟s wants, give gifts, and
be optimistic that H wants what S wants
4 Offer, promise 5 Give or ask for
reasons 1 Be
conventionally indirect:
2 Lack of willingness to
comply, use question, hedge
and subjunctive.
3 Give deference and minimize the
imposition 4 Apologies
5 Impersonalize the speaker and the
hearer and state the FTA, avoid
the pronouns I and you
6 Nominalize to distance the actor
and add formality 7 Go on record as
incurring a debt, or as not
indebting H
1 Give hints and association clues
or be incomplete with ellipsis
2 Assume, understate and
overstate 3 Use tautologies,
contradiction, metaphors,
rhetorical question and be
ambiguous
4 Be ironic 5 Over generalize
uttererances and displace H
