the current speaker to choose the next speaker. Then, this mechanism is also recognized as a technique of selecting the next speaker.
To supports Sacks and Deborah‟s arguments, Liddicoat 2007: 63 also states that there are two techniques in how the next speaker has a turn in
conversation. Those techniques are the recent speaker selects the next speaker or the next speaker can do self-select.
In addition,
Richards and Smith 1983: 141 also added that a speaker may choose the next speaker by himself or herself self-
select by employing an adjacency pair. Bloomer et al. 2005: 61 point out that adjacency pairs are closely related to turn-taking mechanism since adjacency pairs
are connected to the turn taking system by the adjacency pairs rule. They explain that the end of the first part of adjacency pairs is an indication that the recent
speaker needs to stop talking to provide the next speaker a turn as a second part to the same pair.
3. Adjacency Pairs
According to Pridham 2008: 26, adjacency pairs are one of turn taking types which normally come together. They usually happen when a single speaker
produces an utterance which is followed by a response likely by another speaker. In addition, Lerner 2004: 173 defines adjacency pairs as two turns which are
joined together and performed by different speakers. From those definitions, it can be concluded that adjacency pairs are adjacent utterances which consist of two
turns and performed by different speakers. In addition, Liddicoat 2007: 106 states that adjacency pairs consist of
two turns which come orderly. It means that one of the turn always performs first
and then followed by the second turn. Therefore, it can be said that some kinds of utterance are intended to precede the next action, while the other kinds of
utterance is intended to accomplish the preceded action. Those kinds of utterance which precede the action are called first pair parts FPP. Meanwhile, the other
kinds of utterance which follow the preceded utterance are called second pair parts SPP.
Furthermore, according to Bloomer and Griffth 2005: 60, adjacency pairs are related to the concept of conditional relevance. It means that when the
FPP is performed, the SPP starts to be related and expected. Furthermore, if the SPP does not occur, it will be considered as absent. In other words, the FPP of
adjacency pairs are arranged by a particular expected response which needs to be presented as the SPP. For example, a question is expected to be answered,
summon is followed by a reply and further. However, not all the FPPs directly get the SPP. It regularly occurs that a
question-answer sequence will be postponed while another question-answer is interrupted Yule, 1996: 77. This sequence pattern is called an insertion
sequence. Pridham 2001: 28 adds that the topic of an insertion sequence is connected to the initial sequence in which it happens and the question from the
initial sequence is put back to and replied following the insertion sequence. According to Liddicoat 2007: 109, there are only few kinds of adjacency
pairs which have a single form of SPP. For example, greeting leads to greeting, farewell is followed by farewell, etc. Meanwhile, there are many kinds of
adjacency pairs in which the SPPs have optional form of realization. As the
