Type of Study RESEARCH METHOD

Table 1. An example of data sheet of dispreferred social acts in Jumping the Broom Movie Note: Types: No : Datum Number A: Request - Refusal Code B: Offer - Refusal B : Offer –Rejection C: Invitation - Refusal 1,3,7,9 : Realization D: Assessment - Disagreement 00:04:32 : Scene Time hour:min:sec E: Question - No Answer an Unexpected Answer F: Blame - Admission. No Code Dialogue Types Realization Explanation A B C D E F 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 B1,3,7,9 00:04:32 Sabrina: I dont know. Theres thetelephone and Internet and Skype, And Id be back every two months for meetings. Jason: Look I I just The long distance thing, I I dont know. I dont I dont believe in it. In this datum, there is a type of the dispreferred social act of offer which is responded by a rejection. Jason rejects the offer by performing an expression of doubt “I don’t know” and appealing for an understanding “look”. Besides, he also rejects it by performing a pause by a brief silent and hesitation to delay or postpone in responding the first speaker’s utterances. He also gives an account that he does not believe in long distance relationship. The dispreferred response is performed to delay in responding the first speaker’s utterances. In this dialogue, Sabrina tries to give Jason an offer that she will stay communicating via Skype and meet him in USA every two months if she takes the job in China. Yet, Jason performs a dispreferred response that he does not believe in long distance relationship. Realizations : 1 :Delaying or hesitating 7 : Appealing for understanding 2 : Prefacing 8 : Making a non-personal reason 3 : Expressing Doubt 9 : Giving an account 4 : Using token yes 10 : Using mitigators 5 : Apologizing 11 : Hedging negative 6 : Mentioning obligation 12: Performing an actual declination

E. The Technique of Data Analysis

The technique of data analysis employed in this study was content analysis. Given 2008: 120 defines content analysis as a logical process of classifying qualitative data into a group of similar or conceptual classification to analyze reliable patterns and connection between variables or themes. This technique is used to reduce the data and interpret the meaning of them. According to Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009: 190, data analysis should be conducted after the initial data are collected and the initial analysis should verify the focus and the method used in following data collection. Thus, after the data were collected, they were categorized and analyzed. In analyzing the data, several steps were taken: 1. Each datum classified in the data sheet was described and analyzed by referring to the theories which had been presented in literature review. 2. The data were re-analyzed until data saturation were reached. 3. Conclusions were drawn without making generalization.

F. Data Trustworthiness

Given 2008: 896 notes that transferability, credibility, dependability and confirmability are ways in qualitative research used to gain trustworthiness of research findings. The transferability refers to the requirement in qualitative research in which the findings can be applied in broader context. Then, credibility refers to a way of a researcher ensures the accuracy represented in the data. The next level is dependability which means that same procedures and research instruments can be applied in a similar condition. The last level is confirmability;