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2. Purpose of Reading
There are many purposes in reading activity. The purpose for reading will help the readers focus on information, consequently such purpose are
most effective when establish by the reader. Obviously, the purpose for reading should be established before a selection is read. Afterward, the stated
purpose can be used as a basic for discussion to determine whether the reader has achieved his goal. As McDonough and Shaw quoted from William that
usefully classified reading into: a.
“Getting general information from the text b.
Getting specific information from a text, and c.
For pleasure or interest”
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From the statement above it can be concluded there are two kinds purpose of reading activity. Reading for information usually used in reading
task, it is probably seen an as a type of reading ability. Readers read because they have to read. It included the materials which are classified as nonfiction,
sciences, social studies, articles, newspaper, etc. Weather reading for pleasure, the reader may read either quickly or slowly based on the way heshe likes,
associated largely with novel, short stories, and poems. In addition, Rivers and Temperedly 1993:38 list the following
examples of some the reason that L2 student may need or want to read:
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a. To obtain information for some purpose or because we are curious about
some topic b.
To obtain instruction how to perform some task for our work or daily life e.g knowing how appliance works
c. To keep in touch with friends by correspondence or to understand business
letters d.
To know when or where something will take place or what is available e.
To know what happening or has happened as reported in newspapers to magazines, reporters
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Jo McDonough and Christopher Shaw, Material and Method in ELT: Teachers’ Guide,
Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 1993, p. 102.
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Jo McDonough and Christopher Shaw, Material and Method in ELT, ... pp. 102-103.
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f. For enjoyment or excitement
From the explanation above stated by the expert about some purposes in reading, the writer conclude that every reader has different own purposes
based on their goal to achieve something.
3. Kinds of Reading
When people read, they read for a different purpose, and it determines how people read a text. There are two types of reading related to the purpose.
Those are extensive and intensive reading.
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a. Intensive Reading
Intensive reading involves approaching the text under the guidance. It is often refers to the careful reading or translation. The aim is to arrive
at an understanding, not only of what the text means, but also of how the meaning is produce. The how is as important as the what.
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In other words, intensive reading is reading shorter text is extract specific information. This activity is likely more to emphasize the
accuracy activity in evolving reading for detail. It is used to gaining a deep understanding of a text, which important for the reader. The process of
scanning takes a more prominent role here than skimming. Reader is trying to absorb all the information given. For example, reading dosage,
instruction for medicine. b.
Extensive Reading Extensive reading means to read widely and in quantity. It is
generally associated with reading large amounts with the aim of getting an overall understanding of the material. Readers are more concerned with
the meaning of the text than the meaning of individual words or sentences.
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Jeremy Harmer, The Practices of English Language Teaching, New York: Longman, 1983, p. 16.
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Christine Nuttal, Teaching Reading Skill: New Edition, Wales: Heineman, 1996, p. 38.
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Julian, Bamford and Richard R. Day, Extensive Reading, What is it? Why bother?, http:www.jalt-publications.orgtltfiles97mayextensive
. hmtl.
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