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f. For enjoyment or excitement
From the explanation above stated by the expert about some purposes in reading, the writer conclude that every reader has different own purposes
based on their goal to achieve something.
3. Kinds of Reading
When people read, they read for a different purpose, and it determines how people read a text. There are two types of reading related to the purpose.
Those are extensive and intensive reading.
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a. Intensive Reading
Intensive reading involves approaching the text under the guidance. It is often refers to the careful reading or translation. The aim is to arrive
at an understanding, not only of what the text means, but also of how the meaning is produce. The how is as important as the what.
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In other words, intensive reading is reading shorter text is extract specific information. This activity is likely more to emphasize the
accuracy activity in evolving reading for detail. It is used to gaining a deep understanding of a text, which important for the reader. The process of
scanning takes a more prominent role here than skimming. Reader is trying to absorb all the information given. For example, reading dosage,
instruction for medicine. b.
Extensive Reading Extensive reading means to read widely and in quantity. It is
generally associated with reading large amounts with the aim of getting an overall understanding of the material. Readers are more concerned with
the meaning of the text than the meaning of individual words or sentences.
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11
Jeremy Harmer, The Practices of English Language Teaching, New York: Longman, 1983, p. 16.
12
Christine Nuttal, Teaching Reading Skill: New Edition, Wales: Heineman, 1996, p. 38.
13
Julian, Bamford and Richard R. Day, Extensive Reading, What is it? Why bother?, http:www.jalt-publications.orgtltfiles97mayextensive
. hmtl.
12
Reader deals with a longer text as a whole, which requires the ability to understand the component part and their contribution the overall
meaning usually for one’s own pleasure. This is fluency activity mainly involving global understanding. For example, reading a newspaper, article,
short story or novel. Besides that, there are two kinds of reading strategies to get out a
certain idea from the text according to the reade r’s need. Those are
skimming and scanning. Skimming is used to get a general idea or information. According to Haris and Sipay, they state skimming involves
very superficial, rapid reading to get a general overall impression.
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Skimming permits people to gain a general idea about material when that is their purpose, rather than to read all material in detail. One of useful
skimming technique is to read only the first sentence of each paragraph and read the introduction or summary more carefully. So, when skimming
the reader goes through the reading material quickly in order to get the gist of it, and to know how it is recognized, or to get an idea. Scanning is used
to find specific information that the reader need. According to Harris and Sipay, the state that scanning involves rapid reading to finds the answer to
a very specific question, such as a name, a date, a telephone number and so on.
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In scanning, a reader should have purpose in order to find specific information needed because when scanning the reader only tries to locate
specific information and he simply let his eyes over the text until he find what he s looking for.
The each kind of the reading has been explained above requiring different approaches and techniques in achieving the goal. Therefore a
reader using different kinds of reading depends on their purpose.
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Albert J. Harris and Edward R. Sipay, How to Increase Reading Ability ,6
th
ed, New York: David Mckey Company, Inc, 1975, p. 447.
15
Albert J. Harris and Edward R. Sipay. How to Increase Reading Ability, 6
th
ed, ... p. 480.
