44
4.1.5 The Distributions in English
The distributions deal with the types of the word-class of the base which can be attached by the affixes.
4.1.5.1 The English Prefix a.The Prefix en-
The prefix en- may be attached to the base forms of the adjectives and the nouns. Examples
en- + large adjective = enlarge verb ‘ to make something bigger ‘ en- + rich adjective = enrich verb ‘ to make someone rich ‘
en- + able adjective = enable verb ‘ to make someone able to do something
en- + code noun = encode verb ‘ to put a massage into code ‘
b. The Prefix dis-
The prefix dis- may be attached to the base forms of the verbs and the adjectives. Examples.
dis- + connect verb = disconnect verb ‘ to detach something from something
dis- + approve verb = disapprove verb ‘ to consider something to be folish ‘
dis- + like verb = dislike verb ‘ to have difference ‘ dis- + able adjective = disable verb ‘ to make someone unable to
do something ‘
Universitas Sumatera Utara
45
c. The Prefix re-
The prefix re- may be attached to the base forms of the verbs. Examples
re- + write verb = rewrite verb ‘to write something again in different or better way ’
re- + set verb = reset verb ‘to place something in position again’ re- + shape verb = reshape verb ‘to shape or form something again
or in differen way ’ re- + admit verb = readmit verb ’to allow someone to become a
member of a group or an organization again ’
d. The Prefix mis-
The prefix mis- may be attached to the base forms of the verbs. Examples.
mis- + understand verb = misunderstand verb ‘ to interpert words, instructions, etc wrongly
mis- + calculate verb = miscalculate verb ‘to calculate amount, distance, measurement, etc wrongly
mis- + apply verb = misapply verb ‘ to use something for the wrong purpose or in wrong way
mis- + behave verb = misbehave verb ’ to behave wrongly
Universitas Sumatera Utara
46
f.The Prefix trans-
The prefix trans- may be attached to the base forms of the verbs. Examples.
trans- + from verb = transform verb ‘ to change the shape, appearance or character of something or
someone completely ’ trans- + migrate verb = transmigrate verb ‘ to move from one place to
another ’ trans- + figure verb = transfigure verb ‘ to change the appearance of
something or someone as to make themit nobler or more beautiful ’
g. The Prefix over-
The prefix over- may be attached to the base forms of the verbs. Examples.
over- + sleep verb = oversleep verb ‘ to sleep longer or later than one intended ‘
over- + cook verb = overcook verb ‘ to cook food for longer than it is necessary ‘
over- + do verb = overdo verb ‘ to do, perfom, or express something too fully or fortoo long
over- + book verb = overbook verb ’ to reserve seats, rooms, etc for too many passengers or visitors on aircraf, in a
hotel, etc. ‘
Universitas Sumatera Utara
47
h.The Prefix sub-
Kategori