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The Prefix per – The Prefix pe- The Prefix –i The Suffix –ize

93 The meanings or notions of Karonese prefixes may be described as follows:

4.4.2.2 The Karonese Prefix a.The Prefix er-

The meaning of the prefix er- may be described as follows -To state the meaning of ‘ to have ‘ of what is mentioned in the base forms Examples. er- + kabeng = erkabeng‘ to have wings ‘ er- + pemegi = erpemegi ‘ to have hearing ‘ er- + kesah = erkesah ‘ to have breath, to breathe’ -To state the meaning of ‘to work’ of what is mentioned in the base forms Examples. er- + juma = erjuma‘ to work as a farmer ‘

b. The Prefix per –

The meaning of the prefix per – may be desceribed as follows -To state the meaning of ‘ to become one ‘of what is mentioned in the base form Examples. per- + sada = persada ‘ to become one ‘ -To state the meaning of ‘ to devide ‘ of what is mentioned in the base forms per- + dua = perdua ‘ to devide in half ‘ per- + telu = pertelu‘ to devide into three’ per- + pitu = perpitu ‘ to devide into seven’ Universitas Sumatera Utara 94

c. The Prefix pe-

The meaning of the prefix pe- may be explained as follows: -To state the meaning of ‘ to make ‘ of what is mentioned in the base forms Examples. pe- + galang = pegalang ‘ to make something bigger ‘ pe- + kitik = pekitik ‘ to make something smaller ‘ -To state the meaning of ‘ to ask someone to go ‘ of what is mentioned in the base forms Examples. pe- + lawes = pelawes ‘to ask someone to go

d. The Prefix –i

The meaning of the prefix –i is state the meaning of ‘passive’ of what is mentioned in the base forms. Examples. i- + pekpek verb = ipekpek verb ’ to be hit ‘ i- + tukur verb = itukur verb ‘ to be bought ‘ i- + buat verb = ibuat verb ‘ to be taken ‘ i- + pan verb = ipan verb ‘ to be eaten Universitas Sumatera Utara 95 The meanings or notions of English suffixes may be described as follows:

4.4.2.3 The English Suffix a. The Suffix –en

The meaning of the suffix –en is to state the meaning of ‘ to make ‘ of what is mentioned in the base forms Examples. length + -en = lengthen ‘to make or become longer ‘ fright + -en = frighten ‘ to make or to become fright ‘ sharp + -en = sharpen ‘ to make something sharp ‘

b. The Suffix –ize

The suffix –ize may be described as follow -To state the meaning of ‘to make’ of what is mentioned in the base forms Examples. victim + -ize = victimize ’ to make someone suffer ‘ human + -ize = humanize ‘ to make someone human’ -To state the meaning of ‘ to act with qualities ‘ of what is mentioned in the base forms Examples patron + -ize = patronize ‘ to act as patron towords ‘

c. The Suffix –ify

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