37
explanation with example 39 in showing how the relative pronoun of which
functions to show the possession.
B. Theoritical Framework
After focusing on theoretical description, now I will be focusing with the theoretical framework. In this section, I present theories that useful in answering
the three research questions that have been mentioned in chapter one. In order to answer the first research question, I employed the theory from
Yule 2004. Before overcoming the first research question, I should collect all relative clauses related to the discussion from the articles in the features columns
in the JP . After collecting all relative clauses, Yule’s theory would ease me to
differentiate between the defining and non-defining relative clauses from the articles.
Yule’s theory was also fruitful because it had a complete explanation about how to differentiate the kinds of the relative clauses by giving the criteria to
distinguish them. For the purpose of answering the second research question, I decided to
employ the theory from Murcia and Freeman 1999. After differentiating the kinds of the relative clauses in the features columns, I applied Murcia and
Freeman’s theory to categorize those relative clauses into their functions. The functions were classified into whether they functioned to modify the noun or the
antecedent which was categorized as a subject, an object, a complement or an object of a preposition.
38 In answering the third research question, I employed the theories from
Close 1975, Leech Svartvic 1975, and Yule 2004. The theories from those three experts were useful to answer whether the relative pronouns in the relative
clauses functioned as subject, object, object of the preposition or the possessive in the relative clauses. I employed those theories because they had detailed
explanations about the relative pronouns I analyzed in this research. Moreover, in the application, I combined those theories in order to answer the third research
question because they completed each other. Besides that, those theories would ease me to elaborate the research questions.
39
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, I present a rationale for the method of the research and analysis. Furthermore, this section consists of six parts, namely the research
method, research setting, data sources, instruments and data gathering technique, data analysis technique, and the research procedure.
A. Research Method
In this section, I should choose the appropriate research method in conducting the research. To be pertinent with the research, I had chosen the
qualitative method as the method to be used for the research. Denzin and Lincoln
2000 state that “qualitative method emphasizes the qualities of entities, processes and meanings that are not experimentally examined or measured in
terms of quantity, amount, intensity or frequency”. That was related to this research which wanted to analyze the relative clauses that appeared in the JP,
especially in the features columns. In addition to the qualitative research, Fraenkel, Wallen, and Hyun 2015 define qualitative research as research studies
that investigate the quality of relationships, activities, situations, or materials.
In order to analyze the relative clauses in the JP, content analysis was the type of the qualitative research method which I had chosen. Why had I chosen the
content analysis? Because in this research, I did not get the data in the firsthand or as the direct witness but I got it through the written documents. Therefore, to
