Land Suitability Analysis for Rubber Plantation

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3.2.2 Hardware and Software

Some instruments and software were used to support the field data recording and data analysis process. The hardware and software needed are shown in Table 7. Table 7 Hardware and Software No. HardwareSoftware Specification Function 1. Hand held GPS receiver Garmin 76 CSX Positioning 2. Camera digital Pocket Camera Digital Documentation 3. Mobile Computer Acer Notebook with Intel Core 2 Duo 2.1 GHz, 4 Gigabytes of Ram Processing Unit 4. Color Printer Hp Deskjet F2276 Hardcopy 5. ArcGis Version 9.2 Spatial Data analysis 6. ArcView Version 3.3 Spatial Data analysis 7. ER Mapper Version 7.0 Classification of Plantation 8. Expert Choice version 9.50A05 AHP analysis

3.3 Methods

Prior to GIS data analysis, data preparation was done. Spatial data were generated based on UTM Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system Zone 48 South and WGS 84 datum. The main stages carried out in this study were as follows: 1 analysis of Land Suitability for rubber plantation; 2 rubber production analysis; 3 Multi Criteria Analysis. Figure 4 shows the methodology flow chart of this research.

3.3.1 Land Suitability Analysis for Rubber Plantation

Land suitability analysis is to estimate the environment condition in order to determine plant types that are suitable to be planted on a given area. Generally, factors that can be considered for land suitability analysis are soil, slope, climate, and water availability. 24 N Y Non Suitable Rubber, low Prod Suitable Rubber, low Prod Suitable Rubber, high Prod Non Suitable Rubber, high Prod Retained Change with other Commodity Retained Developed Management Production Priority Development of Rubber Plantation Shrub ? Developed Multi Criteria Analysis Spatial Analyze Overlay Productivity of rubber Non Suitable and Non Rubber Excluded Suitable and Rubber Suitable and Non Rubber Non Suitable and Rubber Land Suitability for Rubber Plantation Existing Rubber of Land Use Overlay Spatial Data Tabular Da ta Data base Figure 4 Methodology Flowchart of the Research 25 Land suitability analysis is intended to determine suitable land for cultivating specific crops or other utilization relating to agricultural activities FAO, 1976 in Hananto, 2007. This analysis based on is on the suitability of growing to plants the physical condition of environment consisting of soil, climate and topographic datamaps. Climate data consist of annual rainfall, number of dry months and number of wet months. Air temperature was derived from weather stations. Soil data considered in the land characteristic include soil drainage and soil texture. Topographic data consist of contour and processed to derive slope classes. The aim of this analysis is to determine land suitability for rubber plantation. To assess the overall suitability, a scoring and weighting system is applied to the various aspects of suitability are as follows: o Rainfall data generated from monthly average precipitation data which has been collected and averaged from many years. o Temperature data were generated such as rainfall data. o Slope data for topography information derived from DEM of elevation data using contour line shape format. o Soil texture and soil drainage data as physical soil characteristic information. In this study, every criterion was considered as they have an equal importance and has been given the same score in the scoring procedure, a score was assigned as shown in Table 8 depends on the input factor value. Table 8 Structure of Suitability Classification Categories Class Score Suitability Class S1 S2 S3 N 1 2 3 4 Highly Suitability Moderately Suitability Marginally Suitability Not Suitability The scoring procedure was done for each factor so that there were 6 scores altogether. The total score was calculated by doing a sum all scores. 26 Total score = [rainfall score] + [temperature score] + [soil texture score] + [soil drainage score] + [elevation score] + [slope score] The suitability grade was calculated by averaging the total scores. Total score Suitability grade = 6 Table 9 Relations between Suitability Grades and Classes Suitability Grade Suitability Class S = 1 1 S =2 2 S = 3 3 S = 4 Highly Suitability Moderately Suitability Marginally Suitability Not Suitability In agriculture, the land is highly suitable for all factors then it can be assumed that it is highly suitable for rubber plantation. But if there is one or more factors not highly suitable, then it cannot be considered as highly suitable. In this case, if the suitability grade S is equal to 1, then it is assigned as highly suitable S1 because the requirement for every factor is highly suitable. The suitability site classification steps are described in Flowchart shown in Figure 5. Figure 5 Flowchart of Land Suitability for Rubber Plantation Climate Rainfall Temperature Land Suitability for Rubber Plantation Overlay Suitability Climate Map Topographic Map Soil Map Overlay Overlay Overlay Soil Soil Texture Soil Drainage Topography Elevation Slope 27

3.3.2 Analysis of Existing Land Use Types