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B. Research Setting
The setting of this research was at Pangudi Luhur elementary school
Yogyakarta. It was located on Jalan Koni near the Alun-Alun Utara of Yogyakarta. It was a private school institute under the coordination of FIC Brother.
The researcher observed the class at April 11, 2013. The researcher joined the class from 1.30 p.m. until 2.30 p.m. At the end of the class, the researcher distributed
the questionnaire for the students and the students filled the questionnaire at the time. After filling up the questionnaire, the students submitted it to the researcher.
After the end of the class, the researcher interviewed the English tutor of the fifth graders. The interview took place at the Pangudi Luhur Elementary School for a
half hour long. The other interviewee who had been chosen by the researcher was the English teacher of the Pangudi Luhur elementary school. After arranging the
meeting, the researcher interviewed the English teacher at April 27, 2013.
C. Research Participants Subjects
In this part, the researcher explained the participants of the researcher. The explanation would be divided into two parts.
1. The respondents of the Needs Survey
The participants or subjects of this research were the students of Pangudi Luhur elementary school grade 5 who joined the English extracurricular, the English
teacher of Pangudi Luhur elementary school, and the fifth graders English tutor of the English extracurricular of Pangudi Luhur elementary school. Pangudi Luhur
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elementary school was divided into three branches; Pangudi Luhur 1 elementary school, Pangudi Luhur 2 elementary school, and the Pangudi Luhur 3 elementary
school. The fifth graders who joined the English extracurricular program were from the three schools of Pangudi Luhur elementary school. There was only one English
extracurricular class for the five grade students. The class consisted of 11 female students and 6 male students. The English tutor was the student of English Education
Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. The English teacher who had been mentioned before was the English teacher of Pangudi Luhur elementary school. The
English teacher was the person who had a responsibility to teach the fourth, fifth, and the sixth graders of Pangudi Luhur elementary school.
2. The respondents of the Design Materials Survey
To be able to improve the designed materials, the researcher had done another different step. The researcher distributed a questionnaire to three people who
considered capable in this field. One of them was the English teacher of Pangudi Luhur elementary school. The English teacher was considered capable because she
already knew the characteristics of the students and she had been dealing with the teaching learning activity for the fifth graders in quite a long time. The other
participant was the lecturer of English Education of Sanata Dharma University. The other one was the English teacher of SMPN 1 Kalasan. The description of the
participants would be explained as follows.
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Table 3.1 The Description of the Designed Materials Questionnaire Participants Respondents
Sex Educational
Background Teaching Experience
in Years
F M
S1 S2
S3 1-5 6-10 11-15
15 Participant 1
√ √
√ Participant 2
√ √
√ Participant 3
√ √
√
D. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
There were three instruments which were used by the researcher to obtain the data needed to design the materials for the English extracurricular. The instruments
used in this research would be explained clearly in this part.
1. Questionnaires
There were two questionnaires used in this research. The explanation about those questionnaires would be divided into two parts.
a. Students’ Questionnaire Needs Survey
The first questionnaire was made for the fifth grade students. The questionnaire was made in Bahasa Indonesia so that the students could answer
the questionnaire easily. The questionnaire was an opened and closed-ended questionnaire. For the first part, all of the questions were made to know the
students’ opinions about the English extracurricular activities. The four questions given to them in the first part were more or less about their feeling
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toward the English extracurricular or whether the English extracurricular really helped them to master the English materials given to them. The second
part was designed to know what kind of activities that the students like the most. The students were given opportunity to list their favorite activities or
materials as the main way to deliver the knowledge. The students were also being asked whether they like to have various activities per week or not.
b. Design Material Evaluation Questionnaire
The second questionnaire used in this research was the questionnaire distributed to the experts who had been asked for help to evaluate the design.
The questionnaire was made to know whether the designed materials were still needed to be revised or not. The questionnaire belonged to opened and
closes-ended questions. The questionnaire gave the participants the opportunities to state their opinions about the designed materials the
participants were asked to give their opinions about the weaknesses, strength, and the general comments about the designed materials.
2. Class Observation
The other instrument that was used in the data gathering process was an observation checklist. The checklist was made to ease the researcher to get the data
about the general information of the characteristics and the needs of the students. This checklist was filled when the researcher was doing the class observation.
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3. Interviews
The last instrument used in this research was interview. The question list was made in order to get the basic information needed to design the materials. The same
question list was given both to the English teacher and the English tutor. The questions were about the situation of the English classes both in the intra-curricular
activity and in the extracurricular one. The teacher and the tutor were also asked to give their opinions about the fifth graders characteristics. The teacher and the tutor
were also asked for the suggestion about the materials should be selected or made in order to make the students master the materials well.
E. Data Analysis Technique
In this section, the researcher explains about how the data gathered were analyzed. First of all, the coding process, the writer classified the data based on the
number. For example all of the answers of the first question were put together and that system also applied to the answers of the other questions. After that, the writer
classified the answers based on the similarities and differences. From the process mentioned before, the writer could make suitable criteria of
the data. For example from the students’ questionnaire, the researcher classified the
suitable or appropriate activities and materials given to the students into six different activities, namely doing exercises, singing songs, storytelling, playing language
games, reading story books, and one empty space to fill based on the students’ suggestions. The last step was the counting process of the percentage. The researcher
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calculated the percentage of each answer found in the data. The formula that was used by the researcher could be seen as follows.
X= ΣX x 100
X= the mean average point N
ΣX= Respondents N= total number of respondents
This process was needed to be conducted so that the writer had a clear guidance to design the appropriate materials or in the other words to know the needs
analysis of the materials. Another formula was used by the researcher to analyze the result of the designed materials questionnaire. The formula could be seen as follows.
In order to check whether the designed materials were accepted or not, the researcher used some the data calculation formula adapted from Cahyarini 2004
who made a classification about research results categorization p.41. The classification of the research result calculation total number would be explained as
follows. M
= ΣX
M = The Average Points
N ΣX
= Sum of Respondents’ Answer for each statement N
= Number of Respondents
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1.01 - 2.00 = The designed materials were poorly designed
2.01 – 3.00 = The designed materials were good and acceptable, but still need
some revision. 3.01-4.00
= The designed materials were well- designed and acceptable. The formula and range points which had been stated before, the researcher
could decide whether the designed materials were acceptable, need some revision, or need to re-design.
F. Research Procedure