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SKILL Competence Standard and Basic Competence
Writing 4.
Memahami dan megungkapkan makna kalimat sangat sederhana dalam konteks sekolah
4.1 Mengeja kalimat sangat sederhana secara tepat dan berterima
4.2 Menyalin dan menulis kalimat sangat sederhana secara tepat dan berterima seperti: ucapan selamat,
ucapan terima kasih, dan undangan
The researcher included also the curriculum of the elementary school grade five because the goal of the English extracurricular is to support the teaching-
learning activities in the intra-curricular. This curriculum was used as the basic foundation in selecting the target skills wanted to practice or the appropriate
materials included in the designed materials.
B. Theoretical Framework
In theoretical framework the researcher explained the use of the theories which had been mentioned before. The theories related to Instructional Design, especially
the theories from Gagne and Briggs 1987 and Borg and Gall 2007 were used to distinguish the type of the research, while the theory taken from Yalden 1987 was
used as the basic foundation in doing the designing process. Those theories became the guideline for the researcher in order to determine the steps of conducting this
educational research. This study also applied some theories of English for young learners. Those
theories were taken from Frobose 2008 and Brewster et al 2002. These theories
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were needed to obtain information about the characteristics of young learners. The researcher used this information to choose the appropriate and authentic materials for
the English extracurricular. The other theories from Lewis and Bedson and Brewster et al 2002 were
used to attain information about the use of games and songs in education since the researcher chose games and songs as one of the important activities to teach English
for the children. The use of games and songs in this design were also supported by the other theories related to the use of games and songs for the designing material
process by Paul 1996 and Martin 1995. The last theory included in this research was about the curriculum used in
Elementary school grade five semester 1. The data were taken from Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia 2006.These data were included
because the goal of the English extracurricular was to support the teaching-learning activity in the intra-curricular lesson. These data were also important as the basic
guideline for the researcher to select the appropriate materials and activities.
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the researcher elaborates about the steps or procedures used to obtain data needed to accomplish this research. This chapter consists of 6 parts. In
each part, the researcher explains every step and the details briefly to give the complete information so that the readers can understand how this research was done.
This chapter would include research method, research setting, research participants subjects, instrument and data gathering technique, data analysis technique, and the
research procedure.
A. Research Method
This research was an educational research and development type of research. According to Borg, Gall, Borg 2007,
“Research and development is an industry- based development model in which the findings of research are used to design new
products and procedures, which then are systematically field-tested, evaluated, and refined…” p.589. This meant that educational research and development type of
research was a process used to develop and validate educational product. The major purpose of this study was not to formulate or test theories but to develop effective
products used in schools. This research was an educational research and developments type because the
focus of this study was to design the appropriate materials for the English
